AMERICAN BOOT] B. 59 
Labrador, latitude 59 : Southampton Island, Hudson Bay, latitude 
68 : west along the Arctic coast to I<\ Cape and Poinl Barrow, to St. 
Lawrence Island in Bering Sea. and on the whole coast of northern 
Siberia. It seems to be rather rare in northeastern Europe. It is 
abundant on the arctic islands north at least to Melville Island, lati- 
tude 76 . and to the same latitude in Wellington Channel. 
Winter range. This species winters as far north as open water can 
he found, at Least to southern Greenland. Ii is common during the 
winter in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, whence a few stray each winter 
to Long Island Sound and the New Jersey coast; casual at ('ape 
Charles, Va., January 2, L897; Ossabaw Island, Georgia, December 1. 
1904; St. Catherine Island, Georgia, December 3, L904; Brunswick, 
(ia.. April 25 and Max 5, L890. 
The species has been noted occasionally in the interior on Lakes 
Cayuga, Oneida, Ontario, Erie, and Michigan. The Pacific birds win- 
ter abundantly in the Aleutians, south to the Shumagin and Kadiak 
islands; accidental near San Francisco, winter of L879, 
Spring migration.. Even as far north as Greenland migratory 
movements of the kino- eider are noticed in early February; the first 
arrival was noted at [gloolik, latitude 0<* . April L6, L823; Wellington 
Channel, latitude 7<i . June i>, 1851; vicinity of Fort Conger, latitude 
82 . June 1'2. L872; June 16, L882; June 11, L883. The Pacific birds 
arrived at Point Barrow, latitude 71 . April 27, L882, and May 5, 
L883; eggs, Floeberg Beach, latitude 82 30', July 9, L876. The last 
breeding birds desert southern Greenland late in April, though non- 
breeders are not rare through the summer, and it is probably the 
presence of these that has given rise to reports that the species breeds 
in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; late birds have been recorded on the 
Massachusetts coast April :>. L890; April 10, 1893; April L2, L894; on 
Long Island April 21, 1887, and, as already noted, at Brunswick, (Ja.. 
May 5, 1890. 
Fall migration. This eider wanders south in late fall, the average 
date when it arrives on the coast of Massachusetts and Long Island 
being November 14 (earliest, October 21, L899); it was noted on Lake 
Erie November 13, ls:>4. and at Calgary. Alberta, November 1. L894. 
'The height of the fall migration at Point Barrow is during September 
and October, and in L882 the last one was seen there December 2, oflf 
St. Michael October L2, L879, and at Fort Simpson. Mackenzie, 
Oetober 25, 1903. 
Oidemia americana S\v. & Rich. American Scoter. 
Breeding range. The lack of information in regard to the breeding 
of this species in northeastern North America is surprising. The 
species was described from the west shore of Hudson Hay, and occurs 
on the coasts of Labrador and the Gulf of St. Lawrence, but there 
