$6 NORTH AMERICAN DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS. 
Eggs were found at Nulato, Alaska, May 21, somewhat later at the 
mouth of the Yukon, and about the 1st of June in northern Alaska. 
The last egg of a set found on Winter Island. Melville Peninsula, was 
laid June J', L822. 
I<<ill migration. — A fine set of records of the arrival of this species 
in the fall at Alexandria, Va., gives November G as the average date 
for sixteen years, and the birds became common by November ±2\ the 
earliest date was October 15, 1901. Near Baltimore. Md., an unusu- 
ally early bird was seen September 26, 1893. The northern part of 
Alaska is deserted in early September, and the southern part a month 
later; few individuals arrive at their winter quarters on the Pacific 
coast before November. 
Olor buccinator (Rich.). Trumpeter Swan. 
Breeding range. — The principal summer home of this swan is in the 
interior of North America from the western shore of Hudson Bay to 
the Rocky Mountains, and from about latitude 60 c to the Arctic Ocean. 
In early times it probably bred south to Indiana. Wisconsin, Iowa, 
Nebraska, Montana, and Idaho; it nested in Iowa as late as L871; in 
Idaho in 1877; in Minnesota in 1886, and in North Dakota probably 
for a few } 7 ears later. It is not probable that at the present time the 
trumpeter nests anywhere in the United States, and even in Alberta 
no nests seem to have been found later than 1891. The vast wilder- 
ness of but a generation ago is now crossed by railroads and thickly 
dotted with farms. The species is supposed still to breed in the 
interior of British Columbia at about latitude 53°. The eggs have 
been taken at Fort Yukon, and this is the westernmost record of the 
species. 
Winter range. — As the summer home of the trumpeter swan is in 
the interior, so also is the winter home. The species is not rare south 
to Texas and remains as far north as it can find open water, sometimes 
a far as southern Illinois and southern Indiana. During its migrations 
it occasionally strays to the Atlantic slope (Lincoln, Del.. November 9, 
1886; Cayuga Lake; Buffalo). Throughout the western mountains of 
the United States south to Colorado, it is hardly to be considered more 
than a rare straggler, but on the Pacific coast it is not uncommon in 
winter from southern British Columbia to southern California (Los 
Angeles County). 
Spring migration. Early writers on the movements of this species 
in the northern interior of Canada agree in considering it one of the 
earliest migrants, arriving before the geese and next after the bald 
eagle, which i> the first spring bird in that region. It is reported to 
have been seen at Fort Carlton, latitude 52°, March 3<>. There are no 
United States records that, corroborate this view: the first arrive in 
