11 
Soaps. — Various Boape were also tried, and of these the whale-oil-soap emulsion 
gave the beBl results, many of the Bcales being killed. The whale-oil Boap gave - 
results also, bul qoI equal to the emulsion 
Keroseru emulsion Kerosene emulsion was also and this proved of more 
value than the whale-oil-soap emulsion, but doI so effective as the lime, salt, and 
sulphur wash. 
Lime. — Quick slaked lime, \\ pounds to I gallon of water, proved very effective 
applied as a winter wash, and equaled the results obtained by the Hum', Bait, and 
sulphur. 
A', ton in lime. This was also tried, but did not prove superior to the kerosene emul- 
sion, and therefore is QOl to lie preferred to it. 
Prof. T. B. S\ mi. > t i ^ , as a resull of tests of sprays upon the oyster- 
shell scale on shade trees in 1906, concludes: 
That maple tiers infested with the oyster-shell scale can be treated both in the fall 
and early Bpring with the line-sulphur and salt wash with satisfactory result 
regards controlling the pest, and without injury to the trees. 
That where one application is made these tests showed the fall treatment to be 
preferable. It is the writer's belief, however, thai when the wash is applied thoroughly 
in early spring equally good or even better results can 1 btained. 
The Duke of Bedford and Spencer V. Pickering 6 report results 
of detailed experiments with various washes in the destruction of 
the eggs of this insect, and found thai a •'! per cent caustic soda wash 
gave 100 per cent efficiency in killing the eggs. A 2.5 per cenl 
caustic soda wash with soap also gave excellenl results, but diffi- 
culty was experienced in handling the wash on accounl of its becom- 
ing semisolid. Results of tests of other washes are presented, as 
caustic soda and potash, paraffin emulsion, emulsion soda washes, 
emulsions with lime, lime-sulphur soda washes, etc. 
Concerning the scurf} scale, Mr. J. S. Houser' state-. 
That the lime-sulphur wash applied during the winter is effecth e, as are also c in- 
tact sprays applied at hatching time. 
The same ant I tor (1 c), in speaking of the oyster-shell scale, states: 
The lime-sulphur wash is undoubtedly the control method to be used against this 
scale, but in the author'- experience, it has proven somewhat of a disappointment. 
From observations made upon hundreds of trees and shrubs, sprayed with a mixture 
made b) experienced men and applied thoroughly, it is apparent that only when con- 
ditions are the most favorable are the results following its use satisfactory. A slight 
dampness, such as i at the time of application, a somewhat weakened spraying 
mixture, an extra case of infestation, where several scales are piled upon one another, 
a temperature below ;: i of these unfavorable conditions is sufficient to 
gh e | 
Prof. K. A. Coolev ' presents results of extensive tests of sprays for 
the destruction of the ovster-shell scale: (1 1 As againsl th inr- 
<< Bul. Ill, Md. Agr. Exp. Sta., 
>■ 8th Rep. Woburn Exp. Fruit Farm, p. 33, 1908. 
Bul. 194, Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta . 1908. 
dJoura I m. I'.nt., vol, 3, p. 57, MHO. 
[Clr. 121] 
