- 5 - 
of the usual order .in. the chemistrv of allcaloids. The s;-nthetic product 
^as first made oy Snith (133) in 1929 and descri'bed in 1931. Prom its 
resenolance to nicotine it was called neonicotine. By the reaction of 
pyridine, nstallic so^lua, and oxygen a nixture of coEpot'nds \7as formed 
from rrhich neonicotine (oeta-pyridyl-alpha-piperidine' was isolated. 
In 1935 Spath and ilamoli (l49) annovjiced a nev; synthesis of dl- 
analiasine vhich consisted in reflijxing N-"benzoyl piperidone with ethyl 
nicotinate and dry sodiim ethoxide in "benzene, evapora,ting in vacuo, and 
heating rith strong hydrochJLoric acid vinder pressure at 130°. 
In 1337 Spath and ICesztler (145) resolved dl-anatasine into the 
active components "by means of the 6,o'-dinitro-2,2'-diphenic acids. 
Infra-red alDsorption spectra of analDasine 
O'Bjrrne (89) in 1933 reported on the infra-red a'Dsorption spectra of 
certain allcaloids, including anabasine. The absorption ^^irves and wave 
lengths of absorption bands measured between l.GO microns and 12.00 microns 
by means of constant-deviation spectrometers with rock-salt and fluorite 
prisms are given for alpha-be ta-bipyridyl, anabasine, neonicotine, methyl- 
anabasine, nicotine, and other alkaloids. The C-i', C-H, C-H^ and CgHg 
bands are present. i>Tatura.l anabasine and neonicotine show small differ- 
ences in absorption. 
Anabasine bentonite 
Smith (l37) in 1934 reported on the base exchange reactions of 
bentonite and salts of organic bases. 
The reaction between bentonite and salts of organic bases is princi- 
pally one of base exchange. Bentonite enters into base exchange with a 
definite chemical equivalent of organic bases where saturation can be 
reached. In the one sample of bentonite used 1 gram combined with 6.2 
to 5.4 cc. of 0.1 N organic base, '"hen saturation is approached with most 
bases, flocculation is produced. Flocculation indicates that a reaction 
has talcen place 'dth partial or complete saturation of the silicate. 
Saturation is promoted by the insolubility of the silicate complex and 
by removal of the inorganic sa.lts by washing. 
Anabasine reacting in two different concentrations showed an absorp- 
tion close to that of nicotine. Nicotine bentonite has proved of great 
value in combating codling moth larvae, and anabasine bentonite is worthy 
of testing for the same purpose. 
Tld DETSK.iniATION OF MABASIN3 
i7enusch and iilowitzki (l58) in 1934 published methods for the 
determination of anabasine. Anabasine can be qua:atitatively steam- 
distilled from an alkaline solution of commercial anabasine -sulfate, a 
nonvolatile base remaining in the residue. The distilled base can be 
further purified as the salt of picric acid, but even after several 
crystallizations from water and from alcohol, it gives no definite melt-, 
ing point. For the determination, add to 100 cc. of distillate 5 cc. 
