2 BUREAU OF BIOLOGICAL SURVEY. S. IJ. A.. 
nesting season or while on their way to and from their breeding 
grounds; 
The United States of America and His Majesty the King of the 
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British 
Dominions beyond the Seas. Emperor of India, being desirous of 
saving from indiscriminate slaughter and of insuring the preserva- 
tion of such migratory birds as are either useful to man or harm- 
less, have resolved to adopt some uniform system of protection 
which shall effectively accomplish such objects and to the end of 
concluding a convention for this purpose have appointed as their 
respective Plenipotentiaries : 
The President of the United States of America. Robert Lansing. 
Secretary of State of the United States: and 
His Britannic Majesty, the Eight Honorable Sir Cecil Arthur 
Spring Eice, G. C. V. O., K. C. M. G., etc., His Majesty's Ambassador 
■Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary at Washington; 
Who, after having communicated to each other their respective 
full powers which were found to be in due and proper form, have 
agreed to and adopted the following articles: 
ARTICLE I. 
The High Contracting Powers declare that the migratory birds included in 
the terms of this Convention shall be as follows : 
1. Migratory Game Birds: 
(a) Anatidae or waterfowl, including brant, wild ducks, geese, and swans. 
(o) Gruidae or cranes, including little brown, sandhill, and whooping cranes. 
(c) Kallidae or rails, including coots, gallinules and sora and other rails. 
{d) Limicolae or shorebirds, including avocets, curlew, dowitchers, god wits, 
knots, oyster catchers, phalaropes, plovers, sandpipers, snipe, stilts, surf birds. 
turnstones, willet. woodcock and yellowlegs. 
(e) Columbidae or pigeons, including doves and wild pigeons. 
2. Migratory Insectivorous Birds: Bobolinks, catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, 
flickers, flycatchers, grosbeaks, humming birds, kinglets, martins, meadowlarks, 
nighthawks or bull bats, nut-hatches, orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts, 
tanagers, titmice, thrushes, vireos, warblers, wax-wings, whippoorwills, wood- 
peckers and wrens, and all other perching birds which feed entirely or chiefly 
on insects. 
3. Other Migratory Nongame Birds : Auks, anklets, bitterns, fulmars, gannets, 
grebes, guillemots, gulls, herons, jaegers, loons, murres, petrels, pufflms, shear- 
waters, and terns. 
ARTICLE II. 
The High Contracting Powers agree that, as an effective means of preserv- 
ing migratory birds there shall be established the following ctosfe seasons during 
which do hunting shall be done except for scientific or propagating purposes 
under permits issued by proper authorities. 
i. The close season on migratory game birds shall be bet* sen March 10 and 
September 1, except that the close season on the Limicolae or sraorebirds in the 
Maritime Provinces of Canada and in those states of the United States border- 
