166 
Popular flora. 
there are five chaffy and pointed scales (Fig 409). But more commonly the pappus con- 
sists of bristles, or downy hairs (as its name denotes). Asters, Groundsels, and especially 
Thistles, afford most familiar examples of such a 
hairy or downy pappus; those of Thistles, &c. 
in autumn sailing about in every breeze. Fig. 
411 shows the very soft downy pappus of Sow- 
Thistle. Fig. 410, that of the Dandelion; this is 
raised upon a long beak to the akene, which 
lengthens greatly after flowering. 
This familv contains about an eighth or tenth 
•J o 
part of all Flowering plants. But it is too diffi- 
cult for the beginner. So we here barely men- 
tion a few of the common plants which belong to it. 
a b 
1. Among those which have no rays, or strap-shaped corollas, 
Everlasting and Cudweed, Wormwood, Thoroughwort or 
Eupatorium, Button- Snakeroot , and Ironweed. 
2. With rays or strap-shaped corollas at the margin 
(either neutral or pistillate), and tubular flowers in the 
centre; Coltsfoot , Aster, Fleabane, Daisy, Golden-rod, 
Sunflower, Coreopsis, Mayweed, Chamomile, Sfc. 
3. With all the flowers strap-shaped and perfect (and 
are Thistles, Burdock, 
406 407 408 409 410 411 
in this division the plants have a milky juice) : Cichory or Succory (Fig. 402), Salsify, 
Hawkweed, Sow-thistle, Dandelion, and Lettuce. 
