190 
Popular flora. 
III. Apetalous Division. 
74. BIKTHWORT FAMILY. Order ARISTOLOCHIACEAl. 
Ilerbs or twining vines, with perfect and large flowers, the tube of the 3-lobed calyx 
coherent with the 6-celled 
and many-seeded ovary. 
Leaves mostly heart- 
shaped or kidney-shaped, 
and entire, on long foot- 
stalks, alternate, or else 
from the rootstock at the 
surface of the ground. 
Lobes of the calyx edge 
to edge in the bud, usu- 
ally dull-colored. 
471. Plant of Canada Asarum or 
Wild-Ginger, in flower. 472 Magni- 
fied flower divided lengthwise, and the 
calyx spread out flat. 473. Flower, 
with the lobes of the calyx cutaway, 
and the ovary cut across. 474 A sep- 
arate stamen, more magnified ; outside 
view. 475. Magnified seed divided 
lengthwise. 
Stemless herbs, with a pair of leaves and a flower between them from the spicy-tasted 
and creeping rootstock: calyx short, 3-cleft or 3-lobed ; stamens 12, with filaments, 
which are united only with the base of the thick 6-lobed style, and are pointed above 
the anthers, ( Asarum ) Wild-Ginger. 
Twining shrubs or else low herbs: calyx a crooked tube, with a narrow throat and a 
slightly 3-lobed spreading border: stamens 6, sessile on the outside of the 3 lobes of 
the sessile stigma, i. e. two anthers or 4 cells to each lobe, attached to the stigma 
by their whole length : fruit a 6-valved pod, filled with numerous flat seeds, 
( Aristolochia ) Birthwokt. 
Birthwort. Aristoldchia. 
'. Snakeroot B. or Virginia Snakeroot. Herb 8' to 15' high; several stems from a tufted root, 
downy; flowers borne next the ground, in general shape much like the letterS; leaves oblong- 
heart-shaped or halberd-shaped. Rich woods; becoming scarce. A. serpent ana. 
$ Pipe-vine B. A tall woody climber, with rounded kidney-shaped leaves, 8 1 or 12' broad when 
full grown ; flower IP long, curved like a Dutch pipe ; greenish outside, and with the short 
3-lobed border brown-purple within. Alleghany Mountains, or near them; and cultivated for 
arbors. A- Sipho. 
