194 
POPULAR FLORA. 
ers scattered in a long and naked slender spike; calyx greenish, 4-parted; stamens 6; styles 2, 
bent down in fruit. Thickets. p, Virginianum. 
- -f- Somewhat climbing, or supported by recurved sharp prickly bristles on the strong angles of the 
stems, &c. ; flowers white or flesh-color in small racemes or heads; root annual. The prickly 
angles cut like a saw, whence the plants are called Tear-Thumb. 
11. Arrow-leaved IC. Leaves arrow-shaped (Fig. 100), short-stalked; akene 3-angled. P. sagiltatum. 
12. Halberd-leaved Iv. Leaves halberd-shaped (Fig. 102), long-stalked ; akene flattish. Low 
grounds. p. arifolium. 
Twining annuals, with smooth stems and greenish or whitish flowers in panicled racemes; 
leaves heart-shaped and partly halberd-shaped. 
L3. Climbing K. Smooth, climbing high over shrubs, &c.; racemes leafy; 3 of the calyx-lobes more 
or less winged in fruit. Thickets in low ground. p. dume.tbrum. 
14. Bindweed K. Low, stems roughish; racemes corymbed; three of the calyx-lobes ridged in the 
middle. Cult, and waste grounds. p. Convolvulus. 
80. LAUREL FAMILY. Order LAURACEiE. 
Trees or shrubs, with spicy bark and leaves ; the latter marked with transparent dots 
under a magnifying-glass, alternate and simple ; the calyx of 6 petal-like sepals. Stamens 
9 or 12 on the very bot- 
tom of the calyx ; the 
anthers opening by up- 
lifted valves. Pistil sim- 
ple, with a one-eelled 
ovary, in fruit forming 
a berry or drupe, one- 
seeded. Flowers gener- 
ally polygamous or dioe- 
cious in spring. — Avery 
well-marked family, most- 
ly in hot countries, but 
we possess two or three 
with two elnnd.i at the base , the anther opeirngby two Nrge and two email valve* 497 Pistil, . 
with the ova y divided to show the ovule hanging from the’lop. 488. Leaf and cluster of fruit. TCpreseil 13/11 V6S. 
489 . Lower half of funt, cut across 
Flowers perfect : stamens 9, with good anthers, and 3 sterile ones. Tree, with entire 
oblong leaves; common South, ( Persea ) Red-Bat. 
Flowers dioecious or nearly so, greenish-yellow: stamens 9, about 3 of them with yel- 
low glands at the base of the filaments (Fig. 486). 
Anthers 4-celIed and 4-valved. Tree: flowers in stalked corymbs, appearing with 
the leaves; some of the latter 3-lobed, ( Sassafras ) Sassafras. 
Anthers 2-celled and opening by a single valve to each cell. Shrub: flowers in ses- 
sile clusters, appearing earlier than the entire leaves, ( Benzoin ) Spicebush 
484. Sterile flower of Sassafras, 485. Fertile flower of the same 48^ Magnified stamen, 
