ORDER PULMONARUE. 
387 
class, and then our family of pedipalpi, to which it belongs, 
should precede that of araneides. But these last arachnides 
are in some sort isolated, by reason of the male sexual organs, 
of the hook of their frontal forceps, of their pedicled abdomen, 
and its spinnents, and of their habits. The scorpions, more- 
over, seem to form a natural transition from the pulmonary 
arachnides to the family of the Pseudo-scorpiones , the first of 
the following order. We shall commence, therefore, as we 
have done, with the araneides, or spinning arachnides. 
The first family of the Pulmonary Arachnides, that of 
Araneides, 
Is composed of the Spiders ( Aranea , Linn.) They have 
palpi in the form of little feet, without pincers at the end, ter- 
minated, for the most part, in the females, by a small hook, 
while the last articulation encloses, or carries, in the males, 
divers appendages, more or less complicated, serving for the 
purposes of generation. Their frontal forceps (mandibles of 
some writers), are terminated by a mobile hook, folded back 
interiorly, having underneath, near its extremity, always 
pointed, a little cleft, for the issue of a poison, enclosed in a 
gland of the preceding articulation. The jaws are never above 
two in number. The tongue is of a single piece, always ex- 
ternal, and situated between the jaws, either more or less 
square, or triangular, or semi-circular. The thorax, having 
usually an impression in the form of a V, indicating the space 
occupied by the head, is of a single articulation, to which is 
suspended behind, by means of a short pedicle, a mobile 
abdomen, usually soft. In all, it is furnished below the 
anus with four or six nipples, fleshy at the end, cylin- 
drical or conical, articulated, very much approximated one 
to another, and pierced at their extremity with an infinity 
of small holes, for the passage of silken threads of an 
extreme tenacity, issuing from internal reservoirs. The feet, 
c c 2 
