46 FRESHWATER AND LAND CRAYFISHES OF AUSTRALIA 
inches to three feet deep. The burrows on the hillside have 
no cone, the only indication being a small round hole ; 
hundreds of these holes were found in a few square yards of 
ground. In an area of four or five square feet, containing 
numerous holes, all the burrows converge to one central pool 
of water where whole communities are found. These burrows 
are from five to seven feet deep. These yabbies are difficult 
to capture, as there are so many burrows leading into each 
underground pool; the yabbies escape along other passages 
when each burrow is dug out. Several square yards of ground 
have sometimes to be dug before a capture is made. 
Engaeus affinis Smith and Schuster. 
(PI. IX, fig. 37.) 
Engaeus affinis Sm. and Sch., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1913, p. 120. 
Length of average adult specimen, 60 nun. 
Rostrum slender, reaching to base of third segment of first antennae, apex 
upturned; carinae half as long as rostrum, with four blunt tubercles, con- 
tinued to apex by two rows long stout setae. In some examples rostrum not 
reaching base of third segment, apex straight, carinae with three tubercles; 
carinae sometimes smooth. 
Eyes large. First antennae with inner flagella one-half as long as outer, 
slender. Squame of each second antenna long and slender, sharply pointed. 
Interantennal spine round, or bluntly pointed. No exopods on third maxilli- 
pedes. 
Carapace punctate, longer than abdomen; cervical groove and branchio- 
cardiac grooves obsolete, areola fairly broad. 
Sternal keel blunt ; lateral processes small and rounded, posterior pair 
deeply grooved; processes between fourth pereopods long and slender, not 
joined above. 
Telson broadly cone-shaped; inner rami of uropods broad, longer than 
telson ; outer rami each with transverse suture represented by a feeble 
broken carina, the transverse continuation of the longitudinal carina, lower 
portion of uropods not flexible, without spines ; a few examples have from 
one to four small spines on the transverse suture. 
Great chelae: propodus stout, one and one-half times as long as broad, 
upper margin with a double row of small tubercles, lower margin with an 
irregular row of feeble tubercles, cutting edge with four or five large 
tubercles ; dactylus short and stout, with one large tubercle on cutting 
edge, upper margin smooth, usually divided by a longitudinal carina ; carpus 
with a row of tubercles on upper margin, and one or sometimes two, rows 
of tubercles on surface ; merus with a row of small tubercles on upper 
margin. 
Posterior pleurobranch well developed. 
Habitat. — Victoria : Warburton (F. J. Williams, 1869); Healesville; 
Fernshaw (J. A. Kershaw, 1880) ; Matlock (S. W. Fulton). 
Types in the National Museum, Melbourne. 
A series of 26 specimens examined. 
