EXPLORATIONS IN YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK. 
61 
lower part of the lake. Its shores are mostly bold, rocky, and densely wooded, the 
eastern shore being especially abrupt, and the bottom is tliere ma,de by large bonlders 
of lava. There are no fishes in the lake. Along the eastern shore there is little fish- 
food, the lava rocks being barren, but the amount of water plants, lily-pads, etc., 
drifted on shore by the wind shows that a different condition must exist at the other 
end of the lake. Some crnstacea and insects were noticed even on the east side. The 
lake is cleai er and colder than either Yellowstone Lake or Heart Lake, and . its monnt- 
ainous shores render it extremely pictnresqne. 
Heron Creek is a small grassy stream suitable for tront, tlowing into the northeast 
angle of Shoshone Lake. It has now no fish life. 
The outlet of Shoshone Lake is called Lewis River, a broad, swift, very clear stream, 
well provided with fish-food. This beantifnl stream flows with a sluggish current for 
about 3 miles, where it expands suddenly forming the following lake : 
Lewis Lake (elevation 7.720 feet). — This lake occupies a rounded basin with rather 
low banks. It is pear-shaped, about 3 miles long by 2 broad, very clear and cold and 
apparently in every way suited for tront. Its bold shores are heavily wooded and with- 
out tributary streams. A few hot springs, not seen by us, enter it on the western side. 
Below Lewis Lake, Lewis Eiver enters a deep and narrow canon, very rarely visited, 
and which lack of time prevented us from examining. According to Mr. Arnold Hague, 
there is at the head of this canon a cascade of about 80 feet, of which 20 feet at the 
top is periiendicular. Toward the end of the canon, above its junction with Snake 
liiver, is another cascade of some 50 feet in height, concerning which we were unable 
to secure information. Fishes are unable to ascend the upper fall, and perhaps the 
lower one also.* Near the lower fall is the mouth of Crawfish Creek, which has a con- 
siderable cascade called Moose Fall. In this creek crawfishes {Astams) are said to 
abound. 
None of the streams in the valley of Falls River in the southwestern part of the 
Park were examined. This region is said to be rather level, full of ponds, marshes, 
and springs. Here trout are reported to be very abundant. 
Trout were also procured by Mr. E. R. Lucas, of the Fish Commission, in Howard’s 
Creek, Idaho. Mr. Lucas gives us the following notes: 
“ On October 14, 1 collected 1,000 black-spotted trout from Howard’s Creek, and on 
October 16 I planted them in the East Fork of the Gardiner Eiver (Lava Creek) above 
the falls. Howard’s Creek is the headwater of Henry’s Lake. It rises in the mount- 
* Prof. Frauk H. Bradley (Report U. S. Geol. Survey, 1872, p. 256, fule Gannett), thus speaks of 
Lewis River : 
“ In descending from Lake Lewis, the party found the river-banks low and rooky for a short dis- 
tance before the stream enters a canon with walls 150 to 200 feet high, in which were encountered sharp 
rapids and a vertical fall of about 150 feet. Then for a mile or two the .slopes are gradual with nar- 
row, swampy bottoms along the river. About 3 miles below the lake high, rocky banks indicate the 
approach to a deep canou which really commences at about 3^ miles, with perpendicular walls ou both 
sides inclosing a narrow channel with a rapidly-sloping rocky floor, in .some places i? art i ally obstructed 
by huge tumbling masses of rook, hut apparently without any aoouinulation of gravel. Considerable 
rapids occur through nearly the whole canon, and one fall of nearly 50 feet was noticed. The canon 
deepens rapidly to from 700 to 800 feet, with width of less than half the depth at the deepest precipitous 
portions. * * * About 3 miles down it reaches its culmination and is truly grand. It has none of 
the brilliancy of coloring so characteristic of the Yellowstone Caiion, but the sombre tints of its gray, 
brown and dark-red lichen-covered looks, variegated with smaller patches of green and yellow, consti- 
tute a peculiar style of beauty and add greatly to the effect of its narrow dark depths.” 
