CEPHALOPODA OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
313 
are in two rows, at the point where the 4-rowed condition commences the ventral series contains two 
(sometimes apparently only one) modified papillse, usually differentiated from the ordinary sucker 
pedicels, with which they are undoubtedly homologus, by their more slender shape and oblique position. 
Distal to this point occur about 10 quartets of small globular suckers similar to those of the female, 
except that those of the dorsal row are a little the largest. Beyond its basal third the 
arm becomes much swollen, while the suckers of the two ventral rows suddenly give 
place to a compactly crowded, rather irregular series of massive tansversely elongate 
and compressed papillae, bearing a mouth-like aperture in place of a true sucker at their 
inner apex, and continuing in constantly diminishing size to the tip. The suckers of 
the two dorsal rows continue normally for two or three pairs farther than the ventral, 
when they too tmdergo modification, appearing as a crowded alternating double series of 
swollen tubercles, their pedicels not transversely compressed nor so closely palisaded as 
those of the ventral papillse. As in the case of the latter, the suckers themselves are 
reduced to mere lip-like slits at the apices. In all cases these apertures appear to be 
guarded by a highly modified very minutely toothed homy ring. Except in minute 
details, the whole structure is thus seen to offer a close parallel to that which has been 
described for E. morsei. 
The right dorsal arm is more slender than the left and approaches more closely 
than any of the other arms to the condition observed in the female; all the suckers 
crowded, minute, but those of the median rows rather the more so; the suckers of the 
ventral row in their turn slightly smaller than those of the dorsal series. On the arms 
of the second pair the suckers of the outer rows are larger than those of the inner; about 
six of the basal suckers of the dorsal row are notably larger than the remaining members 
of the series; in the ventral row about eight suckers along the distal two-thirdsof the arm 
are greatly enlarged (though not to such an extent as in E. morsei) and occur in alter- 
nation with other suckers of the same row having scarcely a third the diameter. The 
third arms likewise have their marginal suckers larger than the inner, 8 to 10 alternating 
suckersof the ventral row being much enlarged. The same condition prevails on the ventral arms and is 
only a little less conspicuous; here three or four suckers of the dorsal series are similarly affected, though 
in less degree. 
Tentacles very variable in length, elastic, compressed; keeled near the extremity, inner surface 
flattened. Club little expanded; closely recmrved and coiled upon itself at the tip; inner aspect villous 
in appearance, due to the exceeding minuteness of the numerous suckers. Indi- 
vidual suckers deeply luceolate, slightly oblique, the so-called papillary area very 
wide, so that the inner apertiue is much reduced; pedicels very long, their basal 
portions columnar and closely packed together, so that the suckers are mobile only 
by virtue of a much shorter constricted peduncle, which serves to join the cupules 
to the main stalk. 
Buccal membrane seven-pointed; thickened, with rugose edges. 
Gladius, none. 
Color of preserved specimens a pale brownish buff, sometimes spotted above 
with conspicuous w'ell-defined dark dots, sometimes heavily clouded (especially over 
the dorsal surface) with dark bluish slate, depending upon the state of expansion 
or contraction of the chromatophores. There is an especially conspicuous series of 
large transversely elongate chromatophores ranked in close succession along the 
outer aspect of each of the sessile arms, and a very similar series of smaller chromatophores extends 
along the distal portion of the tentacle stalk. The following note as to the color of this species during 
life appears in Dr. Fisher’s handwriting on the reverse of one of the original labels: “Sepia: Chromato- 
phores brown yellow and sepia eyeballs and visceral sac tinged with iridescent Nile green and blue.’’ 
Larval or yoimg specimens differ most conspicuously from the adult in their shorter more inflated 
mantle, larger head, and the fewer and more definite chromatophores. The secondary sexual characters 
begin to become conspicuous at least as early as the stage with an average mantle length of about 10 mm. 
Fig. 26. — Euprymna 
scolopes [323], dia- 
grammatic repre- 
sentation of papil- 
lary area of tentac- 
ular sucker, greatly 
enlarged. 
sucker from ten- 
tacle club 
from a mormt in 
balsam, greatly 
enlarged; 6, oral 
aspect of homy 
ring from same, 
same scale. 
