CEPHALOPODA OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
319 
Subfamily HETEROTEUTHIN^ Appellof 1898. 
HeteroteuikiruB Appellof 1898, p. 624. 
UeteroteuthimB 'iovihia 1902, p. iii. 
Heieroieuthin(z'N2i^i 1912, p. 246. 
Mantle margin free all around; a cartilaginous articulation in the nuchal region, but the mantle 
and body fused farther back. Right dorsal arm hectocotylized. Photogenic glands large and con- 
spicuous, nearly covering the ventral surface of the ink sac; closely conjoined along the median line. 
Genus HETEROTEUTHIS (Gray 1849), 
Rossia {Heieroteuthis) Gray 1849, p. 90. 
Heteroteuthis Steenstrup 1900, p. 287. 
Stephanoteuthis Berry 1909, p. 408. 
Heteroteuthis Naef 1912, p. 246. 
Body plump, compact; obtusely pointed posteriorly. 
Fins large, more posterior than anterior in position. Ventral 
mantle margin produced forward beneath the head so as to 
almost or even entirely conceal the funnel. Arms short, 
webbed all around except between the ventral pair. Right 
dorsal arm hectocotylized and united at base with the second 
arm of the same side ; a few suckers on the third arms of the 
male greatly enlarged. 
Type. — Sepiola dispar Riippell 1844 (monotypic); a spe- 
cies of the Mediterranean region. 
Heteroteuthis hawaiiensis (Berry 1909) Naef 1912. (PI. b, 
fig- 3 - 8 -) 
Stephanoteuthis hawaiiensis Berry 1909, p. 409, fig. 2; p. 418. 
Semirossia (?) sp. Berry igog p. 418 (merely listed). 
Heteroteuthis hawaiiensis Naef 1912, p. 246. 
Heteroteuthis hawaiiensis Berry 1912c, p. 645. 
Female (type specimen): Body short, plump, compact, 
very firm and solid; dorsal aspect tapering posteriorly and 
terminating past the fins in an obtuse point; ventral half 
of body more rounded, scarcely tapering, and abruptly sur- 
passed above by the pointed dorsal portion, from which it is 
separated by a short curved horizontal groove, as though the dorsal and ventral halves of the body were 
slid upon one another beneath the integument like the two divisions of a large bean; dorsum less convex 
than the venter, which is full and rounded. Mantle margin free all around, sinuous; slightly projecting 
above, thence sweeping backward, downward, and then far forward again, broadly curving beneath the 
eyes to form a conspicuous ventral lobe, which, though slightly emarginate in front, entirely conceals both 
the funnel and the ventral surface of the head. In the nuchal region a little way behind the margin 
the mantle is united to the body by an indistinct cartilage and a delicate membrane which is easily 
tom away. Ventral locking apparatus essentially as in other Sepiolids; an elongated groove with a 
raised and reflexed margin articulates on either side of the base of the fuimel with a thickened ridge 
on the inner surface of the mantle, the ridge bent at its anterior end so as to inclose a small pitlike 
depression. The very tight adhesion of the ventral lobe of the mantle to the head is secured in two 
ways: First, by the strong upward flexion and close application of the margin to the ventral surface 
of the head, and, secondly, by the insertion of this margin into two deep curved grooves extending 
obliquely along the under smface of the head from a point about midway of the lower eyelid, nearly 
but not quite to the cleft between the ventral arms; on the eyelid the groove is shallowest, deepest at 
its inner end, and bounded anteriorly by a heavy raised margin. (PI. l, fig. 7 and 8.) 
, 
Fig. 29. — Heteroteuthis hawaiiensis^ dorsal view 
of type [30], X iM. Drawn by R. I<.Hudson. 
