322 
BUIvIvETlN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 
transformed into hooks. Complex photogenic organs of polymorphic structure and undoubtedly poly- 
phyletic origin are of repeated occurrence. 
Family ONYCHOTEUTHIDiE Gray 1849. 
OnychoieuthidcB Gray 1849, p. 36, 45, 
OnychoteuthidcB Pfeffer 1900, p. 152, 154; 1908, p. 62, 63; 1912, p. 39. 
Animals of small to gigantic size; body stout, loliginiform. 
Suckers on sessile arms in two rows and normal throughout. 
Tentacle club with part of the suckers unmodified, the remainder 
transformed into hooks; fixing apparatus a compact carpal group 
of suckers and pads. 
Genus ONYCHOTEUTHIS Lichtenstein 1818. 
Onychoieuthis I^ichtensteiu i8i8, p. 1591 {fide Hoyle); i8i8a, p. 223. 
Onychoieuihis d’Orbigny 1845, p. 383. 
Onychoieuthis Pfeffer 1900, p. 156, 158; 1908, p. 64; 1912, p. 70. 
Body of moderate size, cylindrical, tapering. Fins broadly 
sagittate. Head with a conspicuous “olfactory crest” made up of 
series of broad longitudinal lamellae. Arms stout, bearing true 
suckers only. Tentacles ^tout, the clubs armed with two rows of 
hooks on the central part; fixing apparatus a very definite compact 
roimded group of small suckers and pads on the carpus. No hec- 
tocotylization. Gladius narrow and slender, showing through the 
integument as a well-defined dark streak; a small spoon-shaped 
cone at the posterior extremity. Hoyle has recently discovered 
the existence of photogenic organs within the mantle cavity. 
Type. — Onychoieuthis Bergii Lichtenstein i8i8=0. banksii 
(Leach 1817), a cosmopolitan species. 
Onychoieuthis banksii (Leach 1817) Ferussac 1826. 
Loligo Banskii Leach 1817, p. 141. 
Onychoieuthis Banksii Ferussac in d’Orbigny 1826, p. 151. 
Onychoieuthis Banksii d’Orbigny 1845,, p. 386, pi. 26, figs. 1-7. 
Onychoieuthis Banksii Schauinsland 1899, , p. 92 (locality record). 
Onychoieuthis Banksii Pfeffer 1912, p. 70, 758, pi. 3, fig. 13-25, pis. 4-6. 
Onychoieuthis banksii Berry 1912, p. 83, figs. 44-46. 
This is such an abtmdant and universal species that I have 
given above only some of the more particularly relevant references 
regarding it. For similar reasons the following description is 
made only complete enough to afford sufficient means for its ready 
identification. 
Body of moderate size, loliginiform, with a pair of large 
broadly sagittate fins extending a little more than half the length 
of the mantle. Head small, squarish; ornamented just below the 
nuchal region with a conspicuous series of about a dozen stout longi- 
tudinal lamellae on either side. Eyeslarge, with capaciousopenings. 
Arms moderate, stout, outwardly keeled; armed with two rows of small oblique hood-shaped 
suckers, produced at the upper margin. Tentacles long and stout, the club not expanded except for 
Fig. 31. — Onychoieuthis banksii^ oblique 
dorsal view of specimen [227] from near 
Laysan Island, X K. Drawn by R. L. 
Hudson. 
