CEPHALOPODA OP THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
335 
Family HISTIOTEUTHIDvE Verrill i88i. 
HistioteuthidcB Verrill i88i, p. 431. 
HistioteutkidcB "Ple&eT 1900, p. 152, 168. 
HistioieutkidcB Pfeffcr 1908, p. 75. 
Histioteutkid<B Chxm 1910, p. 147. 
HisiioteuthidcB Pfeffer 1912, p. 243. 
Body short, barrel-shaped; mantle thickened and fleshy. Fins relatively small, subterminal. 
None of the suckers on either arms or tentacles modified into hooks; two rows of suckers on sessile arms; 
on tentacle club more than four rows. Fixing apparatus a series of small suckers and pads extending 
across the carpal region of the tentacle and well down its stalk. Funnel locking cartilages simple linear 
grooves and ridges. Gladius simple, loliginiform, with broad wings. Photogenic organs of very 
characteristic structure plentifully developed over almost the entire outer surface of the mantle, head, 
and arms. 
Histioteuthid species (young). 
Ommastrephid (young) Berry 1909 (pars), p. 419 (mere locality record). 
Body small, ovate, considerably over half as broad as long. Fins very small, subterminal, and 
decidedly dorsal in position, with a nearly circular outline; practically continuous posteriorly. Ante- 
rior margin of mantle obtusely angled in the median line above; slightly emarginate below the fxmnel. 
Head about half as large as the body; flattened above and below. Eyes rounded, prominent; their 
apertures small, angled in front but otherwise entire. Funnel rather large, little projecting. Mantle 
connectives a pair of simple grooves with thickened and reflexed margins at the base of the funnel 
articulating with narrow linear ridges on the inner surface of the mantle. 
Arms over half as long as the mantle; rather stout; unequal, the order of length 2,3, 1,4. Suckers 
minute, spherical, biserial; homey rings well developed. 
Tentacles but little longer than the arms. Club slightly expanded and armed with four rows of 
minute crowded suckers, the two outermost of which continue down the stalk nearly to its base. 
Color in alcohol a dull brownish buff. The chromatophores are large, slate colored, thickly dis- 
tributed above, but not without certain hints of a symmetrical arrangement in seven to eight more or 
less obscure transverse rows; much paler and less crowded below. Pigmentation on dorsal sinrface of 
head extremely dense. A single series of large chromatophores extends along the outer surfaces of all 
the arms, dark in color on the dorsal pair, but so pale as to be scarcely visible below. There are two 
distinct chromatophores placed opposite one another on the ventral aspect of the funnel not far from 
the middle. 
Total length of largest specimen, ii mm.; of mantle, 5 mm.; of head, 2.5 mm.; of arm of second 
pair, 3 mm.; of tentacle, 3.5 mm.; width of mantle, 3 mm. Length of smallest specimen, 9 mm.- of 
mantle, 4 mm. 
Three specimens of this curious larval form were taken by the Albatross in the surface net at station 
4190, latitude 34° 39' 18'' N., longitude 132° 04' W. [S. S. B. 254]. 
Although minute and offering no very conspicuous characters of their own, the above specimens 
undoubtedly represent larval stages of some Histioteuthid, perhaps Calliteuthis or some nearly related 
form. Although in all essential features they resemble the young Histioteuthid described by Pfeffer 
in Hoyle 1907, p. 1-2, sufficient minor differences are evident to render it probable that they belong 
to another species, even if referable to the same genus. From the young Ommastrephids with which 
they were at first confounded, the strong pigmentation, larger head, and longer arms are sufficient for 
their ready separation. 
