THE SALMON AND SALMON FISHERIES OP ALASKA. 
71 
whicli iu a distance of 100 yards has a fall of about 20 feet. At this point a barricade 
of a form similar to those described has been built entirely across the stream, thus 
effectually preventing fish from ascending. 
The lake is 3 to miles long by f mile wide. The waters seem deep and the 
shores are high and heavily wooded. There were no means for making a detailed exam- 
ination of it. The outlet at the lake is about 30 feet wide and 2 feet deep ; the current 
is strong. The banks are high, rocky, and heavily wooded. Besides the barricade, 
there are a number of logjams, through which fish may, however, find a passage. 
The Hunter Bay cannery obtained fish from Klakas in 1896 as follows: From the 
1st of July to the 31st, 3,932 redfishand 1,269 humpbacks; during August, 3,382 redfish, 
31,200 humpbacks, and 417 cohoes; iu September, up to the 20th, 2,240 cohoes; a 
total of 7,314 redfish, 32,469 humj)backs, and 2,657 cohoes. 
In 1897 the following were taken: Eedfish, 23,330, from July 4 to Se})tember 26; 
humpbacks, 108,031, from July 23 to August 31. 
The Klawak cannery (hereafter referred to) in 1887 took from Klakas 6,960 redfish 
between July 3 and September 13, and 2,370 from July 11 to 31, 1888, These are all 
the records obtainable. The stream is thought to have a capacity for 7,000 redfish. 
Between Klinkwan and Klakas are several small streams that contain a few 
cohoes and humpbacks. 
NICHOLS BAY AND TRIBUTARIES. 
This bay is on the southern extremity of Prince of Wales Island, with its entrance 
between Cape Chacon and Point Kunez. At the head of the bay a lake outlet dis- 
charges its waters, carrying red salmon (which are considered nearly equal in size to the 
Quadra fish) and cohoes. In a bight on the soutliern shore are the remains of an 
abandoned saltery established 
and operated by Mr. Miller, of 
Klinkwan, about 1889, and sold 
to the Pacific Steam Whaling 
Comiiauy. On the northern 
shore, and opposite the aban- 
doned saltery, is a stream with 
a large flow, which has runs of 
humpback and dog salmon 
only; at its mouth, on the right 
bank, are several shacks and a 
smokehouse. Ko white people 
live in this vicinity. On Beau Island, near the entrance, are a num- 
ber of shacks in which some of the Kasaan Indians live during the 
halibut-fishing season. The chief of the Kasaans, Skowl, was at 
Kichols Bay at the time of our visit, and came on board with some of his followers. 
The only stream of value in this vicinity is the one emptying into the head of the bay. 
This stream is said to have been barricaded for six or eight years, and in examining 
it, at a short distance from its mouth a barricade was found which extended entirely 
across the stream. The day after the examination, men were sent from the Albatross 
with blocks and tackles to pull out the barricade. The rails were removed, but they 
could not budge the beam. As salmon inspectors are expressly provided for the exe- 
cution of the law, and as nothing short of dynamite would effectually remove the 
obstruction, the work was abandoned. 
Nichols Bay stream at the barricade (head of tide water) is about 60 feet wide, at 
the lake outlet about 150 feet, and was at the time of our visit about 12 inches deep. The 
Sketch of Nichols Bay Lake System 
