THE SALMON AND SALMON FISHERIES OF ALASKA. 
109 
SHIPLEY BAY. 
Shipley Bay is ou the western side of Prince of Wales Island, and at its head has 
a stream which is said to yield 12,000 redfish annually. A small saltery on the bay is 
operated by Walter Kosmikoff, together with the fishery. This stream, like that at 
Point Barrie, is out of the track of cannery steamers, and a few salmon and salmon 
trout are salted and a few sold fresh. In 1897 the Wrangell cannery received 700 
redfish from this fishery by mail steamer. The liedfish Bay cannery, in 1892, from 
July 9 to 20, took 6,762 redfish, and in 1893, from July 8 to 30, 5,295 redfish from this 
stream. These are the only records obtainable. 
All these streams supplying the Wrangell cannery should be further examined. 
ETOLIN ISLAND. 
In 1892 Mr. J. 0. Oallbreath established a salmon hatchery ou a small stream that 
never was known to run many redfish. It flows into the head of McHenry Inlet, 
ou the western side of Etolin Island. The hatchery was built and is operated with 
the belief that salmon return to the parent stream. Mr. Oallbreath has given the 
subject of Alaska salmon much study. He believes that artificial propagation will 
increase the run of this stream to such an extent that they can be taken in large 
numbers and sold with profit to the canneries. 
KLAWAK. 
Klawak is ou the western side of Prince of Wales Island, near the head of an 
inlet of the same name, which is an arm of Bucarelli Bay. It is off the regular line of 
travel, but is on the mail route between Wrangell and Howkan, and once a month a 
small mail steamer calls at the post office here. The oldest cannery in Alaska is in 
operation at Klawak, and in connection with it a steam sawmill and store. During the 
summer the settlement has a population of 300, of which number 275 are Indians and 
the rest white and mixed. There are about 50 houses in the vicinity, and also a school 
maintained by the Government. The cannery is one of two that have always been 
operated by Indian labor, and it is this enterprise that has made the village. The 
Indians employed are Haidas from the south, and Heuegas (Thliuget) from the north 
and vicinity. The village is practically deserted during the winter, except by the 
cannery watchman and the storekeeper, the Indians going to their winter villages. 
A saltery was operated at the place now known as Klawak until 1878, when it was 
purchased, with all its rights, etc., for $5,000 by the North Pacific Trading and Packing 
Company, and the present cannery was built that year. This was the pioneer in the 
salmon-packing business in Alaska and now enjoys the distinction of being the oldest 
cannery in operation, and of having made a pack every year since it was started. It 
has a capacity of 400 cases iier day, but it has been worked to 700 cases when occasion 
demanded. The plant differs somewhat from those recently installed, in that less 
machinery is used and the pack is largely made by hand. The cutting, filling, and 
capping are all done by hand, and the cookers are old-fashioned, with dome shaped 
or cylindrical covers that are raised by tackle to admit the trays, and then lowered 
and clamped. Tlie plant, however, is very complete; the buildings are large and 
well-aired, there is plenty of room, the wharves are in good condition, and every- 
thing is thoroughly clean. It is said that the pack made here is second to none in 
the market. 
