122 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
As herring were plentiful in the inlet at Kootznahoo, a small plant was installed 
in 1882 for extracting oil, simply in an experimental way, and as it proved successful 
it was gradually enlarged until its present capacity is said to be 1,800 barrels of 
herring in twenty-four hours, or 350,000 gallons of oil, 1,500 tons of guano, and 1,000 
half-barrels of salt herring for the season. As prices are now low, the works are not 
run to their full capacity. In 1884 the plant for the manufacture of guano was 
installed and operated. In 1888 the lilorthwest Trading Company, which also built 
the Pyramid Harbor salmon cannery in 1883, went into the hands of trustees, and 
the present company was organized. 
The works are quite extensive, the buildings large, macliiuery excellent, store- 
houses roomy, wharves commodious, and the jilant similar to the menhaden oil works 
on the eastern coast. The common barrels used are made on the place by machinery. 
The steamer Dolphin^ of 60 tons net register, valued at $10,000, with a crew of 
18, including fishermeu, is used for cruising through interior waters for fish. The 
steamers Favorite and operate in the inlet with scows, using 3 x:)urse seines, 125 
to 150 fathoms hmg, 12 fathoms deej), J-inch stretched mesh, valued at $1,000 each, 
fully rigged. The Favorite is 42 tous net, and is valued at $5,000; it has a crew of 16, 
including fishermen, viz, 6 whites, 9 natives, and 1 Chinese cook. The steamer Louise 
is 5 tons net, valued at 
$3,000, and has a crew of 
3. Three lighters, worth 
$800 each, and 8 seine 
boats, valued at $125 
each, besides numerous 
skiffs, etc., are employed. 
This year a trap was 
driven in the inlet, but 
at the time of our visit 
it had not proved satis- 
factory. In and about the factory 17 whites, 35 natives, 3 Chinese, and 5 Jaiianese 
are employed. 
The white fishermen are paid $50 a month, and board; the native fishermen get 
$1.50 a day, or practically $45 a month, for they are paid even if detained, and while 
board is not stipulated they practically get it. Laborers generally have $1 a day, 
but about 10 of them, who have been enijiloyed a long time and are faithful, having 
the more difficult work to do, receive $1.50 per day. Boys are paid 50 ceuts a day. 
A good native fisherman or laborer makes about $200 a season. All wages are paid 
in cash, the com^iany disbursing $10,000 to $15,000 a year to the natives and the few 
white men who make Killisnoo their home. 
The factory is ready for operation from July 1 to December 31. 
A barrel of herring weighing 200 pounds contains from 700 to 800 fish. The 
jirice of pressed oil is 30 ceuts a gallon, crude oil 25 ceuts a gallon, the refuse of the 
pressed oil 20 cents a gallon. The guano brings from $25 to $27 per ton. The oil 
goes largely to San Francisco, New York, and England, and is used for tanning, the 
manufacture of soap, aud adulterations. A considerable portion of the guano is sold 
in Hawaii. 
During the sx)awning season the herring are very poor and furnish no oil; it is 
not until June, when their food apxiears, that they commence to fatten. In that 
