162 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
The liver at its mouth flows over tidal flats in an east-and-west direction for a 
distance of 2 miles, having an average width of half a mile. These flats are largely 
uncovered at low water, having two channels through them, one close to the northern 
shore and skirting the native summer village; the other, entering near the center of 
the width of the arms, turns sharply to the northward around the northern end of a 
large rocky and wooded island, when it turns again to the westward. From the 
northern end of the island a line of piling was driven across the flats and the mouth 
of the river to the northern shore of the arm, leaving an opening in the low-water 
channel, across which a gill net was stretched. 
The trap described on page 150 was about a mile west from this barricade, leading 
from the northern shore, Avith the pot in deep water in the arm proper. Captain 
Phillips, of the Eevenue-Outter Service, directed this trail to be removed, upon which 
the Alaska Improvement Company protested to the Secretary of the Treasury, and 
the matter Avas referred to the Department of Justice. The correspondence, decision, 
etc., Avill be found on pages 8 to 10, salmon inspector’s report for 1896. 
In 1897 the Alaska Improvement Company replaced the 1896 trap and placed a 
second floating trap, leading from a point near the saltery on the southern shore. 
This must have been quite half a mile long, and at the point Avhere it was set must 
have extended across the middle of the arm. The two traps undoubtedly commanded 
the arm. Upon the sale of the property the traps were turned over to the pur- 
chasers. Neither took many fish, and it is not unlikely that the larger trap Avas 
improperly set; that is, the pot was arranged for fish coming downstream. No traps 
had been used prior to 1896. 
A party of five visited the lake at Ugauuk. After a hard walk of five hours, 
covering a distance of about 12 miles, along sloping mountain sides, over grassy 
plains, through thickets of cottonwood, alder, and willow, and along bear trails, they 
reached a point on the lake about a mile within the outlet, but as the view of the lake 
to the southeast was cut off by intervening ridges, it was determined to reach the head 
of the lake. After crossing the mountains bordering the southern side of the lake, 
and obtaining a photograiih of the river A^alley to the east arm, the party followed a 
A-alley of gradual ascent which carried them to a height of about 1,200 feet above the 
lake, whence the head of the lake and two inflowing streams could be seen. The 
head of the lake was reached after about five hours’ Avalk from the first point. 
The lake is somewhat crescent-shaped, about 6 miles long in a northwest and 
southeast direction, and of an average width of about a mile. It lies throughout its 
length between two ridge-like mountain masses which reach a height of 2,000 feet 
above its surface. The banks are steep, jArecipitous in many places, and heavily 
wooded to a height of 300 to 400 feet. There are numerous shelving beaches of gravel, 
black sand, and fine slate. The lake has the appearance of being very deep. At the 
southeast end are two inflowing streams about a quarter of a mile apart at the 
mouths; the larger one, flowing from the southeast, is about 40 yards wide, and 
the smaller one, flowing more from the eastAvard, is about 15 yards wide. From the 
top of the mountain the valley of the larger stream could be plainly seen for a distance 
of nearly 10 miles, the country, as far as could be seen, in this valley being heavily 
wooded with larger growth than nearer the coast. 
The bottoms of both inflowing streams are large, Avith sandy and gravelly beds. 
A number of redfish of a red color Avere seen in the stream in places Avhere the water 
