179 
identical with S. ylaher, W. Martin. They are exactly like those now under 
my notice, and those figured in my atlas, and differ in no way from the 
English and Belgian specimens figured hy myself and my learned friend 
Mr. T. Davidson. I do not think, however, that the specimen figured hy 
Mr. J. Morris (PI. 15, Eig. 5« of the same work) under the same name is a 
S. (jlaher ; I think it is a young individual of the remarkable species which 
I have described further on, and named after Mr. Darwin. 
Horizon and Localities. — This Spirifer is very abundant in the 
upper strata of the Carboniferous Limestone, and is much less frequent in the 
middle and lower strata. Possibly the species called glaher, found in these 
last-named beds, is not glaher at all. This is still an open question, hut on 
that account I call attention to the fact that S. glaher is found much more 
frequently at Settle and Bolland, in Yorkshire, near Glasgow, Scotland, and 
at Cork and Little Island, Ireland, than in other parts of the British Isles 
where the upper beds are not so well represented. Some magnificent speci- 
mens have been sent me by Mr. W. B. Clarke from ^Ellalong, from a railway 
cutting between Maitland and Stony Creek ; from Branxton, Muree Quarry, 
Mount Wingen, and Morpeth. Mr. Dana found it at Black Head, Illawarra, 
and Harper’s Hill. Mr. McCoy found it at Darlington, and Mr. J. Morris 
says it is very abundant at Mount Wellington, Tasmania. 
Spirifeii Darwinii, j. Morris} 
PL X, Pig. 11, PI. XI, Pig. 10, aud PI. XVI, Pig. 1. 
Spirifer Larwinii, J. Morris, 1845, iu Strzelecki’s PLys. Descr. N. S. Wales aud V. D. 
Land, p. 279. 
„ suhradiatiis, Idem, 1845, ihid, p. 281, pi. 15, fig. 5a {ficj. ccsteris exclusis) (non 
Sowerby). 
,, Harwinii, P. McCoy, 1847, Auu. Mag. Nat. Hist., XX, p. 233. 
,, Harwinii } J. D. Dana, 1849, Geol. Wilkes’ U. S. Explor. Exped., p. 684, pi. 1, 
fig. 7. 
This is a transversely oval shell, with moderately deep valves. The 
ventral valve is regularly eurved, and has a rather broad shallow furrow. 
' \Martimopsi>i Darw'mi. — Waagen, Pal. Indica, Salt Range Fossils, I, 1883, p. 525 ; IV, Pt. 2, 1891, p. 
131, t. 5, f. 9a, h, c. Mr. R. Etheridge, Junr., is of opinion that De Koninck was in error in referring the fornis 
he figures to Spirifera-Martiniopsis Danvinii, Morris, and that his specimens are all individuals of Martiniojmn 
suhrailiata — that is, the same as his Spirifer (jlaher. Geol. and Pal. Queensland, 1892, pj). 238, 240. See also 
Procs. R. Phys. Soc. Edinh., 1880, V, p. 281, t. 7, f. 1-10, t. 8, f. 11.— W.S.U.] 
2 B 
