Stone Medallicyns hy the Waters qfihe Spring, 299 
prominent lines, on a plain white ground. Thfese black promi- 
nent lines are then separated by a thin and sharp knife ; the 
cast is next warmed, and printer’s ink rubbed over it, when 
the colouring matter is seen to adhere only to the parts that 
have been scratched, and the drawing on the stone corresponds 
exactly to the engraving on the plate. This process may 
perhaps furnish some hints for the improvement of artificial 
stone-engraving. 
Notwithstanding the hardness of these casts when tried by a 
knife, they break without difficulty when a strong pressure is 
applied unequally to their surface, which may be accounted for 
from the fibres of the stone being short, parallel, and perpendi- 
cular to the surface, as in some species of sulphate of lime. 
I subjoin a list of the prices of the casts sold by M. Pagli- 
ari at the place of manufacture : 
Cast of 1 inch, 1 paolo. Cast of 6 inches, 9 paoli. 
^ II '7 10 
4 3 9 20 
5 6 1 f. 6 30 
A paolo r=: 4d. English money. 
After having thus passed some hours with M. Pagliari, and, 
from the hill immediately opposite to the village, taken the 
sketch of his habitation, as given in Plate IX., I pursued 
my journey, in despite of wind and rain, across the foot of the 
mountain. In this route, I had the misfortune to experience 
the fragility of the casts of San Filippo, having, by a fall, 
broken all the specimens I had taken away with me. I soon 
passed the torrent of the Rondinaya, and came again into the 
road of Radicofani, which begins here to ascend, and continues 
so for three miles. . In ascending, I observed the sides of the 
road covered with detached angulated blocks of basaltic stone, 
which increased in size and number, and were intermixed with 
small pieces of a light hard porous lava, of a reddish-brown or 
blackish colour. They announced the near neighbourhood of 
the crater of the ancient volcano of Radicofani, known under 
the name of La Badia, and through which passed the Via Bo- 
mana, the remains of which are still visible. The country here 
presents marks of dreadful devastation ; the crater and its sur- 
rounding parts being filled and covered with enormous blocks, 
u 2 
