353 
Alabasters^ and Granites^ ^c. at Rome. 
Scaurus, the stepson of Sylla, imported such a quantity of 
magnificent columns into Rome, and employed them so profuse- 
ly in buildings, that they were not exceeded by the extravagant 
fabrics which Nero afterwards erected. 
Marble of Carystus in Euboea. — Soon after the time of Scau- 
rus, Mamurra adorned his mansion with marble from Luni 
near Carrara, and from Carystus, now called Karesto, in Ne- 
gropont. He was the first who encrusted walls with thin slabs 
of marble. The quarries of the Carystian columns are men- 
tioned by Strabo, who speaks of asbestos found in the same 
place, and woven into cloth. 
Black Marble. — In the year 380 of Rome, Lucullus em- 
ployed a black marble, brought from an island in the Nile, and 
called Marmor Luculleum from his predilection to it. 
Synnadic or Phrygian Marble. — The marbles of Synnados 
in Phrygia, the cipollino of the moderns, is spoken of by Strabo 
and Statius. This cipollino is a primitive and shistose marble, 
with particles of mica and green stripes, and is called Cipollino, 
from the resemblance it bears to a leek (cipolla) by its colour 
and scales. 
Strabo mentions the quarries of white marble in Paros., in 
Proconnesus near Paros, and at Mylassa in Caria. He men- 
tions quarries of variegated marble on the island of Scyros, east 
of Euboea, on the small island of Deucalion, near Larissa in the 
Gulf of Salonica, and at Hierapolis, near Laodicea. From all 
these three, as well as from Carystus and Synnados, large co- 
lumns were sent to Rome. 
Marble of Rhodes. — Pliny mentions a marble with yellow 
veins got at Rhodes ; to this marble he compares the stone 
called Lysimachus. 
The greatest number of the large antique Roman columns 
are of cipollino, of red Egyptian granite, and of the four kinds 
of marble known at Rome by the names of Marmo Greco, 
Giallo Antico, Pavonazzetto, and Porta Santa. 
Marmo Greco. — Marmo Greco is a shistose and primitive 
marble, of a bluish white, containing mica. 
Giallo Antico. — Ancient yellow marble is, in some degree, 
translucid. The modern yellow Siena marble is opaque. 
Pavonnazzetto has purple veins. 
