391 
m the hland of Sumhawa. 
on the island of Madura, in Lat. 70° 5' S. and in Long. 113° 57' 
E., there was, according to the information I received from Mr 
Liddel, master attendant there, and who was at Samanap at the 
time, total darkness, in consequence of the falling dust, from 
5 P. M. of the 11th of April until 11 A. M. of the 12th. The 
explosions were very loud at that place, and were heard for se- 
veral days. 
At Somabaya, the darkness was complete from about 6 P. M. 
on the 11th until 4?P. M. on the 12th. The sounds were de- 
scribed to me as being exceedingly loud. They had been heard 
at Somabaya, and dust had been observed to fall for several 
days before the 11th, during which time the wind was eastwardly 
and light: on the afternoon of the 11th, a very thick haze re- 
sembling a cloud, was observed coming from the eastward. It 
proved to be the cloud of* dust from Mount Tanbora. The 
anchorage in Somabaya roads is in lat; 70° 14' S. and in long. 
112° 58' E., i.e. about five degrees distant from Tanbora. 
Similar but slighter effects of the eruption were felt at Batavia, 
in Lat. 60° 10' S. and in Long. 106° 51' E. ,* at Java Head, still 
further off', being in Lat. 60® 48' S. and Long. 105® 11' E. ; at 
Minto, on the island of Barca ; and at Bencoolen, or Suma- 
tra, in Lat. 3® 48' S. and in Long. 102® 28' E. 
At Macassar, in Lat. 5° 10' S. and in Long. 119° 38' E. the 
effects of the eruption were felt nearly at the same time as at 
Somabaya, but in a more violent degree. 
The explosions from the volcano were so violent there, as to 
astonish every one ; they shook the earth, and broke panes of 
glass in the windows of several houses. The cloud of dust was 
seen coming from the south. There was no wind. 
With a view to ascertain the quantity of dust falling in a cer- 
tain time, Mr Paterson, surgeon of the residency there, put a 
table into the open air for an hour, between 6 and 7 P M., at 
which time the dust was falling in great quantity, and the dark- 
ness total. The dimensions of the surface of the table were five 
feet two inches by four feet eight inches ; the quantity of dust 
which fell upon it by 7 P. M. was 15,064 grains at Beema ; the 
quantity of dust found lying on the ground after the eruption 
was guessed to be at a medium of three inches and a half in 
depth : at Somabaya the depth of it was something less. 
