414 Scieni'ific IntelUgeme. 
78 J pounds of bread ; consequently, this addition of 6 pounds 
and 22 loths of lichen meal has occasioned an increase of 
of good bread. It is known, that 3 pounds of flour yield 
4 pounds of household bread. One pound of lichen meal, 
added in the form of paste, gives an addition of nearly 6 
pounds, and therefore is equivalent in this view, to about 3| 
pounds of flour, because it affords above times more bread 
than this. But at present nearly all the Iceland moss col- 
lected in Germany, is sent through Hamburgh to England, 
where it is used in brewing, and in the composition of ship- 
biscuit, as it is said biscuit which contains it as a constituent 
part is not attacked by worms, and suffers little from the action 
of sea-water. This lichen, when deprived of its bitter principle, 
forms an excellent soup, and when coagulated, a good jelly ; 
and it has been recommended in this prepared state as an ex- 
cellent substitute for sago, (the pith of the Cycas circinalis), 
salep, and even for chocolate. 
S6. Plants zvMch have heen confounded with Ammals. — Pro- 
fessor Schweigger of Konigsberg, in a lately published, ver}-^ 
amusing and interesting work, entitled “ Beobachtungen auf 
Naturhistorischen Reisen,” maintains, that several bodies describ- 
ed as zoophytes, are true plants, such as Corallina, and several 
other genera. He examined the Corallina Opuntia in different 
stages of its growth, and found it had the vegetable structure, 
and that its calcareous crust was formed in the same manner as 
is observed in the vegetable genus Chara. The Corallina rw- 
hens he also discovered to be a plant ; and proved the same to 
be the case with the Corallina officinalis, that species so fre- 
quently met with in the Frith of Forth, and all around the coasts 
of this island. The Millepora coriacea, from observations de- 
tailed in the work, appears also to be a calcareous plant ; and 
Schweigger is of opinion, that all the species of the Lamarck- 
ian genera Corallina, Pincillus and Flabellaria are of the 
same description. The Alcyonium hursa, which LinnaDUs ranges 
in the animal kingdom, is described as a fucus by Turner, 
under the name Fucus bursa, and the author of English Bo- 
tany also figures it as a cryptogaraous plant, while Lamarck 
still retains it in the animal genus Alcyonium. Olivi describes 
it as a particular vegetable genus, under the title Lamarkia : 
