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tion no longer designates that object on which the name was 
bestowed, but some single object included under it ; and this 
last may, in its turn, include other objects. This distinction 
between names and denominations will afterwards be useful on 
account of brevity. 
10. Denominations alone are copohle of expressing the union 
objects . — By names alone no mutual relation of the things 
which bear them can ever be expressed. A denomination 
affects this; the name, by its annexed epithet, marking a 
stricter designation. Hence, in a systematic nomenclature, the 
species bear denominations, not names. 
11. Name is given to one of the higher steps of Class 
tion . — To give the name a more definite signification in the 
case of the species, it is applied to the genus, or the order, or 
some of the higher steps of classification. The name refers 
not to one single production of nature^ or to one speciesy but 
to a class of greater extent ; it reaches to the former only in 
so far as their characters entitle them to a place under that 
class. It is by this arrangement that the systematic nomencla- 
ture is enabled to restrict the arbitrary application of names. 
A newly discovered mineral, though not belonging to any 
known species, would probably belong to some known genus, 
and therefore obtain the name of that genus, or to some known 
order, and hence take its name from that order. 
T2. In Miner alogyy to the order . — The division to which 
names must be applied, whether to the genus or to the order, 
depends upon the constitution of those productions of nature 
for which the nomenclature is contrived. In zoology and bo- 
tany, the name depends upon the genus : Generally it is the 
rule that themame be not given to the genus. It is a univer- 
sal principle, that we should endeavour to combine all the ad- 
vantages wdiich a systematic nomenclature can afford to any 
department of natural history, and apply the names in such a 
manner as to secure this object most completely. In minera- 
logy, without question, this happens when the order bears the 
name ; and for that reason I have applied it to the order. 
13. Choice of the Name . — In a mineralogical nomenclature, 
the choice of names is a matter of importance, and at the same 
