554 Dr Tiicbiiife on the Volcano of Coosima. 
mai, tiiere is a promontory, which, in the enlarged chart of the 
Russian discoveries, bears the name of Sinecko. From this 
jn’omontory, which lies in 41° 38' 30" N. lat. and 220° 60' 30" 
W. long, there stretches a Jong chain of rocks right into the 
sea. It isdikely that these rocks have a connection below wa- 
ter with a small island, which lies in the same direction with this 
chain of rocks from Cape Sinecko. The direction of the coast 
from Cape Nadeschda to Cape Sinecko is N.W., and the dis- 
tance between these two promontories is eighteen miles. Be- 
tween these, in an extensive and very exposed bay, lies the town 
Matza or Matsiimai, which name the Japanese have also given 
to the whole island of Jesso. Although this town is of very 
moderate size, it is, however, the residence of the Japanese go- 
vernor, and the only town upon the island. It is closely built of 
small houses, upon a high shore, after the Japanese fashion ; the 
coast appears to divide itself on the right side, and to afford room 
to the embouchure of a river. Near the coast lay many Japanese 
ships at anchor, and more of them were lying in the docks. Many 
ships without the bay were employed in whale catching, in fish- 
ing, and in traffic. They always held their course along and 
very near to the coast. The want of a good harbour must, 
however, be a great hinderance to trade. The town Matza or 
Matzmai lies in 41° 32' Lat. and 219° 56 W. Long. As the south 
coast of J esso or Matmai lies so near the north coast of J apan, 
in so considerable a depth of water, Krusenstern believes, with 
some plausibility, that the two islands were formerly but one, 
and bad been separated from each other by an earthquake ; as 
it is understood that formerly in Europe there w^as much more 
connection between the different parts of this quarter of the 
globe ; and that England was separated from France, Gibraltar 
from Africa, and Sicily from the continental land of Italy, only 
by earthquakes and volcanic explosions. But the separation of 
Jesso or of the island Matmai from Japan, is still more evident, 
l.s^. From the number of still smoking or of lately extinguished 
volcanoes in this region ; 2df, From the small breadth of the 
channel which separates Japan from Jesso ; 3(i, From the steep- 
ness of the banks on both sides, and the number and condition 
of the rocks : 4^A, From the agreement between the colour and 
