88 
Toronto and London. In the neighborhood of Rochester, New York, 
a variety has been found (var. gloriosa) which differs in its rather larger 
flowers with pink anthers, larger and more lustrous fruit often mam- 
millate at base and ripening a few days earlier than that of the typi- 
cal and more common form. The species of this Group are well estab- 
lished among the Thorns on Peter’s Hill and several of them have 
flowered and produced fruit for several years. A few of the other in- 
teresting plants of this Group are C. Holms iana v/ith usually five but 
occasionally from six to eight stamens and large, dark reddish purple 
anthers, and crimson pear-shaped fruit. This is a tree often thirty feet 
high with a tall trunk, or is often a large tree-like shrub with a range 
from the coast of Maine to Quebec, western New York, southern On- 
tario and eastern Pennsylvania. This tree is very common on the hills 
of Worcester County, Massachusetts. Handsomer is C. Hillii from 
northeastern Illinois with flowers three-quarters of an inch in diameter 
arranged in, wide clusters, twenty stamens and pink anthers, and crim- 
son pear-shaped fruit. C. Pringlei, which is easily distinguished by its 
yellow-green, drooping, conspicuously revolute leaves, is a tree some- 
times twenty-five feet high and one of the widely distributed species 
of this Group, as it occurs in southern New Hampshire and ranges 
through southern Vermont to western Massachusetts and eastern New 
York, and occurs in western New York, Ontario, Ohio, and southern 
Michigan, finding its western home in northeastern Illinois. 
Crataegus Crus-galli gives its name to the Crus-galli Group in which 
are found a larger number of species than in any of the other groups. 
Twenty-five species are admitted as trees in Sargent’s new edition of 
the Manual of Trees of North America, but these are certainly not all 
the arborescent species and there are many shrubs among the Cockspur 
Thorns, for nearly fifty species have been distinguished in Missouri 
which appears to be the headquarters of the group, and species are 
found in every part of eastern North America from the valley of the 
St. Lawrence River to the shores of the Gulf of Mexico in western 
Florida, and to Ontario, eastern Kansas and Oklahoma, eastern Texas 
and the Davis Mountains in southwestern Texas. Cockspur Thorns are 
very common in Pennsylvania and in all the southern Appalachian 
Mountain region, and in Georgia, Florida, Alabama, western Louisiana, 
Arkansas and eastern Texas. Most of the species have leaves broad- 
est and rounded at apex, serrate except on vigorous shoots only 
above the middle, dark green and lustrous on the upper surface, usu- 
ally thick and subcoriaceous, with veins often imbedded in the tissue 
of the leaf, rarely thin, with prominent veins. They have moderate sized 
flowers with ten or twenty stamens and rose-colored or yellow anthers, 
in many-flowered, naked or hairy clusters, and subglobose or short-ob- 
long, usually dull red, hard fruit with dry mealy flesh. The branches of 
nearly all the species are armed with numerous long sharp spines. What 
is now considered the type of the genus, Crataegus Crus-galli, the fam- 
iliar Cockspur Thorn, is a tree sometimes twenty-five feet high with a 
tall trunk a foot in diameter, and stout, ridged, spreading branches form- 
ing a broad, round-topped, handsome head. The leaves are thick and 
very lustrous with a thin midrib and veins enclosed in the leaf tissues. 
The flowers open late in May or early in June after the leaves are 
