2 
the Spanish Fir {Abies Pinsapo) which has been killed before in the 
Arboretum; Abies magnijica of the California Sierra Nevada; Abies 
cephalonica var. appolinis from the mountains of Greece; Picea Sar- 
gentiana, one of the new Spruces from western China, and nearly 
every plant in a large collection of the short-leaved Pine of the eastern 
United States {Pinus echinata). These Pines were raided at the Arbor- 
etum twenty years ago from seeds gathered on Staten Island, New 
York, the northern limit of the range of this tree, and appeared to be 
perfectly hardy until this year. On several conifers the buds are un- 
injured and are beginning to swell, although the leaves have been 
more or less browned by the cold and will soon fall. Conifers injured 
in this way will probably recover, although their growth for the year 
will be necessarily checked. Among the trees with injured leaves and 
uninjured buds are the Cedars of Lebanon from the Anti-Taurus in 
Asia Minor which have been growing in the Arboretum for sixteen 
years without protection, and which it was hoped would be able to 
support the worst conditions New England winters could offer. Other 
conifers with injured leaves are the Sugar Pine {Pinus Lambertiana) 
from the Sierra Nevada of California, the Mexican White Pine {Pinus 
Ayacahuite), the Chinese Hemlock {Tsuga chinensis) which has lost 
most of its top, and Abies cephalonica from the islands of Greece. 
One or two specimens of this tree will probably not recover. The 
leaves of the California Incense Cedar {Libocedrus decurrens), of Abies 
grandiSy of Abies amabalis and of the Hemlock of the northwest coast 
{Tsuga heterophylla) are slightly injured. The native White Cedar 
{Chamaecyparis thyoides) is badly hurt and some of the plants will 
probably die. The Red Spruce {Picea rubra) from northern New Eng- 
land has suffered badly, as have the plants of the upright form of 
Juniperus communis from central Massachusetts. The leaves of Abies 
amabilis, too, from the Cascade Mountains of Oregon are slightly 
browned, as are those of several plants of the Japanese Abies sacha- 
linense. On a few of the plants of the Chinese White Pine {Pinus 
Armandi), of the Japanese Pinus densiflora and P. Thunbergii, and of the 
Chinese Pinus sinensis var. yunnanensis and var. denudata the leaves 
are also brown. There is no reason, however, to doubt that these will 
all recover. It is interesting that, with the exception of four exotic 
conifers, three of which have been kept alive in the Arboretum with 
much difficulty and have now perished, the most serious damage of the 
winter to conifers has been to four native species, Picea rubra, Pinus 
echinata, Chamaecyparis thyoides and Juniperus communis. All the 
new Spruces and Firs from western China, with the exception of Picea 
Sargentiana, are uninjured, as are practically all the Chinese Pines. 
Uninjured, too, are the Carolina Hemlock {Tsuga caroliniana) the west- 
ern Arbor Vitae {Thuya plicata), and the Spanish Pine {Pinus nigra 
tenuifolia) which, judging by the climate of the regions where these 
trees grow naturally might well have suffered from the cold of the 
past winter. 
Of the new trees with deciduous leaves introduced by the Arboretum 
from China the following are uninjured: all the Oaks, Elms, Birches, 
Nettle-trees, Beeches, many of the Cherries, the Pears and Apples, 
