52 
the seeds enclosed in a bright orange, scarlet or pink fleshy covering 
or aril. In the last issue of these Bulletins the autumn beauty of the 
Japanese E. alatus was referred to. Another species with leaves con- 
spicuous at this season is E. Maackii from the Amoor region of east- 
ern Siberia. This is a large, round-topped shrub, the oldest specimen 
in the collection being now eight or ten feet tall and twelve or fifteen 
feet across the head. The leaves are narrow, pointed at the ends, 
drooping, and early in October are dull red on the upper surface and 
pale green on the lower surface. The fruit is produced in great quan- 
tities and is rose color and half an inch in diameter, and the seeds are 
bright orange-scarlet and very lustrous. Although the leaves of the 
Japanese E. yeddoensis do not turn as brilliantly as those of some of 
the other Asiatic species and fall early, this round-topped shrub is one 
of the handsomest of the group when it is covered with its large, rose- 
colored capsules which remain on the branches long after the leaves 
fall. E. Bungeanus, a small tree from northern China, is an old inhab- 
itant of the Arboretum, and every year it is conspicuous when its pale 
yellow fruit opens and the rose-colored seeds appear and the narrow 
drooping leaves turn pale yellow. 
The European species, although they retain their green leaves until 
after the scarlet capsules open, are less ornamental plants here than 
some of the Asiatic species. The best known of the European species, 
E. europaeus, the English Spindle-tree, is a narrow tree which some- 
times grows in this country to the height of twenty feet and is hand- 
some in the autumn when the dark green leaves make a good back- 
ground for the scarlet fruit. There is a variety with white capsules 
of no great ornamental value. On a form of this tree raised here from 
seeds sent from Hungary the leaves at this season become dark pur- 
ple on the upper surface but remain green on the lower surface. The 
variety ovata which came to the Arboretum from a German nursery 
has broader leaves and larger fruit than the common form and prom- 
ises to be a good ornamental plant here. Evonymus latifolius is an- 
other European species rather than a tree. The leaves are broader 
and the fruit is larger than that of the Spindle-tree. The fruit, unfor- 
tunately, is not produced as abundantly as that of most of the other 
species. E. atropvpureus, the Burning Bush of the United States, is 
a small tree which grows naturally from western New York to Montana 
and to Florida and Texas. The leaves turn yellow in the autumn some 
time before the crimson fruit falls. This tree is hardy in Massachu- 
setts but has never taken very kindly to cultivation in the Arboretum. 
The Strawberry Bush, E. americanus, is a straggling shrub with slen- 
der semiprostrate stems and fruit covered with prickles. It is a com- 
mon plant in the United States from New York southward, but has 
never found itself really at home in the Arboretum. E. ovatus is 
another American species with prickly and tuberculate fruit, and is 
a low shrub with prostrate stems. This species is valuable for covering 
the ground in the shade of larger plants where it grows vigorously; 
when exposed to the full sun it suffers here from the exposure. 
