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Ashes. The three trees of Fraxinus syriaca, often cultivated as 
F. sogdiana, which have been uninjured in the Arboretum for thirty- 
eight years and have frequently flowered and ripened their fruit here, 
were killed to the ground but have now sent up a few feeble shoots 
from the roots. The flowering Ash so called, {Fraxinus Ornus) of 
southeastern Europe, which has suffered before in the Arboretum but 
flowered here in the spring of 1917, is now represented by a few weak 
stump shoots which did not appear until September. Fraxinus Paxi- 
ana, one of the new introductions from western China, was killed in 
the Ash collection, but was not injured in the Peter’s Hill Nursery. 
The Liquidambar and other trees. The North American Liquidambar 
opened its leaf-buds so late that by the middle of May the trees looked 
as if they were hopelessly injured. Later they entirely recovered, and 
in October the leaves of this beautiful tree have not before been more 
brilliantly colored here. A single plant of the Chinese Liquidambar 
formosana is still living in the Peter’s Hill Nursery; it is, however, 
only a bush for it is more or less injured every winter, and it is prob- 
able that this tree will never flourish in the United States except in 
some of the Gulf and Pacific coast states. Catalpa Bungei has not 
suffered before in the Arboretum but many branches on all the trees 
were killed by the winter, and one of the two specimens in the Catalpa 
collection on the hill above the Lilacs was killed to the ground but has 
now sent up a number of shoots from the roots. The condition of the 
three Persimmon trees {Diospyros virginiana) in the group on the right- 
hand side near the lower end of the Bussey Hill Road illustrates the 
fact that some individuals of a species can resist cold better than 
other individuals of the same species. These three trees were of the 
same origin and the same age; two are uninjured and the third is 
now represented by a few weak suckers from the roots. 
Various shrubs injured by the winter. Although it was believed in 
May that the Arboretum had lost a number of species by the excessive 
cold of the winter, the actual loss has not been as serious as it then 
appeared. All the plants, however, of the Japanese Ilex crenata were 
killed. These plants have been growing in the Arboretum for twenty- 
five years and had never suffered in earlier winters more than the loss 
of a few leaves. This Holly was believed therefore to be one of the 
few broad-leaved evergreens which could be safely used in northern 
gardens. Plants of the Inkberry {Ilex glabra), a common Atlantic and 
Gulf coast shrub from New Hampshire to Texas and one of the hand- 
somest and hardiest of the broad-leaved evergreen shrubs which can 
be grown here, lost for the first time in the Arboretum a large part 
of their leaves and a few branches during the winter. The plants soon 
recovered, however, and are now as thickly clothed with leaves as they 
were a year ago. The largest plants of Ilex opaca, another native of 
the Massachusetts coast region, were killed outright, but smaller plants, 
although they lost most of their leaves, are still alive. One of the 
new Chinese species of Magnolia {M. Wilsonii), Daphne genkwa and 
Lonicera Delavayi appear to be the only species of recent introduction 
which have been actually killed. All the plants of Sophora viciifolia 
appeared to be dead until June when the leaves began to unfold. None 
