largest plant in the country and the type of the species can be seen 
among several large Hawthorns at the foot of the bank on the park- 
way near the Forest Hills entrance of the Arboretum, where it can be 
easily recognized as it is now the only plant in this collection with 
perfectly green leaves. Here, too, are several good plants of Cratae- 
gus nitida. 
Unfortunately the European Holly, Hex Aquifolium, and its numerous 
varieties which are splendid ornaments of parks and gardens in more 
temperate regions, is not hardy in New England. This is also true of 
the evergreen Hollies of China and of the broad-leaved evergreen species 
of southern Japan, and only three species of these plants can be grown 
here. These are the red-fruited Ilex opaca of the eastern United 
States, and the black-fruited I. glabra and I. crenata. Ilex opaca is 
interesting as it is the only broad-leaved evergreen tree which is hardy 
in New England. In general habit and in its fruit it resembles the 
European species, but on this American tree the leaves are dull and 
not lustrous like those of the European species. The bright red berries 
remain on the branches through the winter, however, and make it an 
ornamental tree here of the first class. There are several specimens 
in different parts of the Arboretum, and a large plant now covered 
with fruit among the Laurels at the northern base of Hemlock Hill. 
Ilex glabra is a round-topped shrub occasionally five or six feet high 
and is very common on sandy land in the neighborhood of the coast 
from New England to Texas. It is very hardy and is chiefly valuable 
for its small shining leaves which nearly completely hide the small black 
fruits which remain on the branches during the winter. This is cer- 
tainly one of the most valuable of the evergreen shrubs which can be 
grown in this climate. A fine mass of it can be seen on the Bussey 
Hill Road opposite the Laurels at the northern base of Hemlock Hill. 
Rex crenata is a taller growing and narrower plant than I. glabra , 
with darker green leaves and rather larger fruits. The leaves vary 
greatly in size on different individuals, and the plants with smaller 
leaves have proved hardier in the Arboretum than the broader-leaved 
forms. There are several plants of this Japanese Holly on Azalea 
Path which have grown to their present size from seeds planted here 
twenty years ago. 
The number of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs which can be grown 
in this climate is small, but the leaves of a few deciduous-leaved spe- 
cies are not injured by early frosts and remain green so late in the 
season that they are valuable for the autumn garden. One of the 
most useful of these plants is the European Privet, Ligustrum vulgare, 
a plant formerly much cultivated in this country and now occasionally 
naturalized in the eastern states. The leaves are now as dark green 
as they were at midsummer, and their beauty is increased by the larger 
handsome clusters of shining black berries on the ends of the branches. 
This is a large, very hardy and fast-growing shrub which in recent 
years has been somewhat overlooked owing to the introduction of 
numerous Japanese and Chinese Privets which are all, however, far 
less valuable ornamental plants. There is a form of the European 
Privet with yellow fruits which is not particularly handsome, and forms 
varying from the normal plant in habit. They can all be seen in the 
Shrub Collection. 
