95 
4. E. Mettaueri Wood, Cl. -Book, 379. Stem erect, sim- 
ple, 4 to 6 feet high, branching at top : stem leaves linear to linear- 
lanceolate, entire or sparingly spinose toothed at base, the lower 
linear (sometimes 1 to 2 feet long), on very long jointed petioles: 
heads ovate-oblong (6 lines long), with numerous reflexed linear- 
lanceolate spinose-tipped and toothed bracts (whitish within and 
greenish without) larger than the heaas, and bractlets lanceolate, 
with 3 strong and equal spiny cusps (as in E. Ravenellii)'. fruit 
about a line long, with ovate acute carlyx-teeth, and long stout 
rigid styles. 
In niarshes and wet places, Florida, 'Newport {Mettauer). FI. August 
and September. 
Most of the herbai’ium material labeled E. Mettaueri is E. Eloridanum. 
This species is intermediate between E. Virginianum and E. Ravenellii, 
but stouter than either, having the bractlets of the latter and leaves of 
intermediate character. 
5. E. Ravenelli Gray, PI. Lindh. 209. Slender, from 
to 3 feet high, branching above: leaves linear, elongated, nearly 
terete (conduplicate), obscurely denticulate, the lower ones from 
12 to 18 inches long: heads as in the former species, with lanceo- 
late spiny-toothed or entire reflexed bracts as long as the head, 
and bractlets with 3 strong and equal spiny cusps: fruit with 
short mucronulate calyx-lobes, and long idgid styles. 
Wet pine barrens, South Carolina, St. John’s Parish (Ravenel); Florida, 
Apalachicola {Chapman), St. Marks’ (Rugel), Tampa Bay {Leavenworth). 
FI. September and October. 
Chapman’s Florida specimens are those from Avhich he described the 
E. Virginianum of his Manual, of course more or less modified by pub- 
lished descriptions. The narrow conduplicate nearly entire leaves, the 
bractlets with 3 strong and equal spiny cusps, and the short-mueronate 
calyx-lobes, should serve well to distinguish this species from E. Virgin- 
ianum. 
6. E. praealtum Gray, PI. Lindh. 210. Stout, 4 to 6 feet 
high, branching above: radical leaves narrowly oblong (not unlike 
those of Rumex^, with strong midrib, often 2 feet or more long 
including the long petioles, entire or repand; stem-leaves lanceo- 
late, veiny, serrate, lapering at both ends; floral leaves similar to 
the bracts, which are linear-lanceolate, spinulose-dentate or incised, 
2 or 3 times longer than the ovate oblong head (6 lines long); 
bractlets with 3 spiny cusjrs, the middle one somewhat the largest: 
