106 
Union county {Cusick 960); Washington Teriitoiy (Wilkes’ Exped.), Klick- 
itat county {Susksdorf 276); Montana, upper waters of Jocko and Flathead 
rivers (Canby 142); Vancouver Island (Macoun), British Columbia 
(Fletcher). FI. April to June. 
The original description was drawn from Californian (Plumas Co.) 
specimens, in which the stems are very short and peduncles mostly from 
the base; while the northern forms, from Oregon northward, are slender- 
stemmed, taller, and usually more simple. 
7. S. maritima Kellogg, Watson in Bot. Calif, ii. 451. 
Foot or more high, from a thickened rootstock: radical leaves long 
petioled, somewhat cordate, very obtuse, entire or sparingly dentic- 
ulate or crenulate, 2 to 4 inches long, Ij^ to 3 inches broad; cau- 
line leaves one or few, smaller and more or less lobed or parted: 
umbel with about 3 elongated rays (often with bracts near the 
middle), involucre of large leaf-like lobed or parted bracts, and 
involucels of numerous small lanceolate ‘bractlets: flowers yellow, 
the sterile ones short-pedicelled : fruit somewhat naked below, 
prickly above, 2 lines long: seed-face concave, with a very promi- 
nent central longitudinal ridge. (Fig. 110.) 
Near the coast about San Francisco, California (Kellogg, G. R. Vasey). 
J ^ Leaves more or less ■pi'ntzately divided. 
8. S. bipinnatiflda Dough in Hook. FI. Bor.-Am. i. 258. 
Stems a foot or more high, from a thickened rootstock, with 
usually a pair of opposite leaves at base, and 1 to 3 leaves above: 
leaves pinnately 3 to 7-parted, the divisions incisely toothed or 
lobed, decurrent on the toothed rhachis, teeth acute or slightly 
pointed : umbel with 3 or 4 elongated rays, involucre of leaf-like 
bracts, and involucels of small narrow merel}'^ acute bractlets: flow- 
ers purple (rarely yellow), in dense heads, the sterile ones on long 
pedicels: fruit prickly all over, lines long: seed-face broadly 
concave, with a prominent central longitudinal ridge. (Fig. 111.) 
Hills, woods, and dry plains, from S. California (Bigelow, Newberry, 
Vasey, Parish, Parry, Lemmon, Cleveland, etc.), to N. Oregon (Nuttall), 
Puget Sound (Wilkes’ Exped.), and Vancouver Island (Macoun). FI. May 
and June. 
9. S. bipinnata Hook. & Am. Bot. Beechey, 347. A foot 
or more high, from a slender fusiform root: leaves twice or thrice 
pinnate, with divisions not at all decurrent, cuneate-oblong to 
ovate, incisely and mucronately toothed: umbel 3 to 4-rayed, with 
involucre of leaf-like bracts, and involucels of a few small bractlets 
