54 
been in popular use for many years and a large part of the trees of 
merchantable size have been cut. This Linden has been a good deal 
planted as a shade tree in New England, but the leaves are too often 
disfigured, especially in dry summers, by the attacks of the red spider. 
Tilia neglecta, which finds its northern station in the valley of the St. 
Lawrence River in the neighborhood of Montreal and is not rare in the 
northern states and along the Appalachian Mountains to North Caro- 
lina, is easily distinguished from Tilia glabra by the short persistent 
gray down on the lower surface of the leaves, the lower surface of 
the leaves of T. glabra being green and lustrous and destitute of hairs 
with the exception of those forming the large tufts in the axils of the 
principal veins. Although for many years confounded with T. glabra, 
T. neglecta does not appear to have been often planted as a shade tree 
in this country. In the Arboretum it is growing rapidly and now gives 
every promise of success. The other northern Linden, T. heterophylla 
var. Michauxii, is one of several species with leaves covered below 
by a permanent coat of white tomentum. This is a common tree from 
Pennsylvania and western New York to southern Indiana and Illinois, 
Missouri and southward along the Appalachian Mountains to North Car- 
olina and northeastern Mississippi. This handsome tree is growdng well 
in the Arboretum and is well worth a place in collections of ornamental 
trees. It grows less rapidly, however, and is not as handsome as the 
other hardy American Linden, T. monticola, a tree with leaves often 
seven or eight inches long and, like the last, covered below with white 
tomentum. The fiowers, too, are larger than those of other Lindens. 
The leaves, hanging on long slender stems and swayed by the slightest 
breeze as they turn their snow-white lower surface to the eye, make 
in contrast with the dark Hemlocks among which this Linden often 
grows one of the beautiful features of the splendid forests which still 
cover the slopes of the southern mountains. 
The studies of Linden-trees at the Arboretum have shown that the 
European species grow more rapidly and give every promise of being 
better trees in this climate than the American cr Asiatic species. This 
is unusual, for of other European trees only the Beech and the white 
Willow grow better here than their American relatives, and except Lin- 
dens all eastern Asiatic trees are more at home in eastern North Amer- 
ica than the trees of Europe. The five European species, Tilia platy- 
phyllos, T. cordata, T. vulgaris, T. tomentosa and T. petiolaris, and 
several varieties of the first, are growing here in a satisfactory man- 
ner. The first of these trees is easily distinguished by the hairs which 
cover the lower surface of the yellow-green leaves and the young 
branches. This tree is the first of the European species to flower. It 
has long been cultivated in the eastern states; indeed it appears to be 
the common European Linden sold by American nurserymen, although 
as an ornamental tree it is the less desirable of the European Lindens. 
Tilia cordata, distinguished by its small cordate leaves pale and glau- 
cous on the lower surface, is the last of the Lindens to flower. It is 
a beautiful tree which also in Europe grows to a large size; it is not 
very often seen in this country. A better tree here than either T. 
platyphyllos or T. cordata, T. vulgaris is now generally believed to be 
a natural hybrid of these species. The leaves are dull green on the 
upper surface, paler on the lower surface, and without hairs with the 
