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are fast-growing, erect and shapely trees, and well worth a place in 
northern gardens for the beauty of their flowers and brilliant scarlet 
or yellow fruits which are usually oblong or ovate in shape and from 
an inch to an inch and a half in length. The fruit is acid but makes 
excellent jellies and preserves for which it is largely used. Malus 
baccata has been used in cold regions as a stock on which to graft the 
ordinary Apple, but its liability to the blight which attacks Pear-trees 
reduces its value for this purpose. The largest specimen of Malus 
baccata in the neighborhood of Boston is standing in front of the gar- 
dener’s house in the Harvard Botanic Garden in Cambridge. 
One of the handsomest ofthe Crab-apples in the Arboretum collection 
is a Korean variety of Malus baccata which has been distinguished as 
var. Jackii. It was raised here in 1905 from seed collected by Mr. 
Jack near Seoul. The plants, although still small, are shapely in habit 
with straight clean stems and regularly spaced spreading branches; 
the leaves, are thick, long-stalked, from four to six inches in length, 
dark dull green above and pale below; the flowers are pure white and 
nearly two inches in diameter, and the dark crimson shining fruits, 
which are often half an inch long, hang gracefully on long droop- 
ing stems. A widely distributed form of Malus baccata, the var. 
mandshurica, differs in its broader, more or less hairy leaves. This 
tree is distributed from the Amoor region to western China and Japan 
where it is common northward, and in Hokkaido is often found in Alder 
woods in the neighborhood of the coast. 
Malus prunifolia. In one of its forms (var. rinki) this tree has been 
the most economically valuable of all the Asiatic Apple-trees. Malus 
prunifolia, although it has been known in western gardens for many 
years, is still unknown as a wild plant, but Wilson found growing wild 
its variety rinki in central and western China. This variety differs 
from Malus prunifolia in the shape of the leaves and the amount of 
their hairy covering, and in the shape and color of the fruit which 
varies from greenish yellow to yellow or red. This is the Apple which 
has been cultivated by the Chinese probably for centuries.- The fruit 
of the cultivated tree seen by Wilson was rarely more than an inch 
and a quarter in diameter, green or greenish yellow with a rosy cheek, 
or sometimes almost entirely red and had a pleasant bitter-sweet 
flavor. He found that the fruit grown in the cold region near the 
Tibetan border was of better quality than that produced in the warmer 
regions further east. Until the coming of foreigners into Japan intro- 
duced American and European varieties of Apples the var. rinki was 
a commonly cultivated fruit tree in Hondo, although now it has almost 
entirely disappeared from Japan. 
Only the Apples already mentioned, Malus sylvestris of western and 
northern Europe, M. pumila of southeastern Europe and western and 
central Asia, M. baccata of eastern Siberia, M. prunifolia, var. rinki 
of western China, and the species of eastern North America are of 
economic importance to man. The fruits of the last are sometimes 
