63 
distinct “deep lead" ground at Nunngarra on the Black Range, 
which shows water worn gravels in places, and distinctly water 
worn boulders are visible on the “Big Patch" at Ouinns, high up 
on Nowthanna Hill. At Quinn’s also there is a distinct well- 
rounded brown iron ore conglomerate, apparently not concretion- 
ary, near the saddle on the road to Burnakura over the hill, which 
seems to be a cemented gravel and not a pisolitic deposit. Both at 
Peak Hill and at Quinn's, however* there is a possibility that 
these water rolled stones may belong to formerly existing basal 
])eds of the Nullagine series, the bulk of which have been entirely 
removed by erosion, except for these relics, so too much reliance 
cannot be placed on them alone as evidence of these high plains 
having been recently subject to the action of moving water. The 
writer has noticed on many occasions nevertheless, that rounded 
and subrounded stones — not demonstrably waterworn as a rule 
however — appear to be much more common on the higher slopes 
of ridges standing well up out of the plains than in the latter and 
along the lower skirts of the hills. A good example is seen on the 
road from Leonora to Lawlers, a few miles south of Dioritc King, 
where the road crosses over a hill of some height. Here rounded 
stones and boulders — which may however be merely weatherworn 
and not waterworn — are fairly common on the higher slopes of 
the hill, but wanting as one gets down on to the plains on each 
side. Mention may also be made of a very distinct bank of 
well rounded coarse conglomerate near Wiluna, well up on the 
ridge near the State Battery, which is unequivocally a coarse 
gravel deposit. Professor Gregory has alluded to the writer’s 
mention of this gravel liank, but the description given by him 
seems to ap])ly to a quite different locality and shows that he 
could not have seen the same section as was referred to. Wiluna, 
however, is very close to the southern edge of the Nullagine beds, 
and there is just a possibility that this gravel bank also may be a 
relic of these, though it is not very likely. 
A point on which some stress must be laid is that the plains 
are found at all elevations up to about the level of Peak Hill 
(loop feet). They usually merge one into another with a gener- 
ally very gentle southerly or westerly slope forming the very Hat 
basins to which Professor Gregory has drawn attention, gradually 
dipping towards the coa.st. The average gradient is extremely 
flat: for example the difference in level between Lake Way ( 20oP 
feet) an<l Lake Lefroy ( 1050 feet) is 0*^0 feet, but they are about 
:1L^0 miles apart, giving an average grade between them of only 
1 in 1724. This extreme flatness of the grade of the main central 
drainage basin has to be borne in mind in considering how it 
may have been brought about, as it is not easy to get a convincing 
exi>lanation of it by reference solely to snbaerial erosion. 
The low relative height and usually very thoroughly rounded 
shapes of the hills in the Central and Ifastern Goldfields districts 
