65 
regular manner at one level, forming inlets, bays, and every feature 
seen on a beach, Tt must be said, however, that no beach gravels 
were seen at this point. 
At the Horseshoe some 17 miles northward from Peak Hill 
there arc extensive deposits of gravel, not nearly so thoroughly 
waterwern as is usual on a sea beach, however, along the foot of 
the Horseshoe mountain, which are well seen where they have 
been worked for alluvial gold. These gravels maintain ap])roxi- 
mately the same level for seune distance along the flank of the 
range, and lie at a much stee])er angle of slope than is maintaince 
into the plain alongside, which soon l)ecomes ]jraclically level. 
They appear to be a talus from the slopes of the hill, roughly ■ 
sorted along a horizontal line hy the action of water, hut not sub- 
jected to very violent or long continued abrasion. All the way 
from Peak Hill to the Horseshoe, the beach-like contact of the 
])lains with the hills is very well-marked. At the ‘'Breakaways," 
about 12 miles from Peak Hill, the road leaves the t)lain over 
which it has l)een travelling and turns as if about to run u]) on the 
higher ground apparently, but is soon found to continue on a striji 
of the plain running l)ctwcen an island of higher ground and the 
mainland. The higher ground is cut to steej) escarpments ( “break- ^ 
aways"). which usually have but little talus at the foot of them. ' 
and curve off at the foot of the cliffs in quite characteristically ‘ 
beach fashion. 1’he level of the plain is ]jerfectly ])reserved all 
round the foot of the clilTs, very sinuous tlujugh its outline is. and ' 
round the islands. The conclusion seemed quite irresistible that | 
here we had a beach cut by a body of water occupying what is no\» \ 
the plain. ■ 
Reverting, however, to the hills at Mt. I'rascr above the l)each ; 
line, it is to be noted that we no longer get the hummocky rounded »; 
outlines so usual in the hills at lower levels, but a quite distinct j 
ty])e. that resulting from well advanced erosion still in the most 1 
active stage. The Horseshoe Range and the high peaky country . 
towards Mt. Ivgerton show the same type persisting in the highest 
ground, with the lower hills, as at the Mt. iygerton goldfield, worn 
down to battened slumps which may very ])ossibly owe their final i 
shape to having been completely submerged. The Nullagiiie beds 
are here again, however, visible in the near vicinity, and it is quite 
possible that the erosion which cut dowm the old rocks to such 
fi.attened stumps was prc-Nullaginc in point of time, and that they ^ 
been merely uncovered again bv subsequent erosive action.* : 
l' 
The same very shar]) contrast between the types of sculpture ! 
of the hills in the lower and higher country is seen very niarkedlv 
in the Pilbara goldfield. The high moinUainons coimtrv between t 
^ ^ ii 
* A later visit to the Upper Gascoyne Di'Jirict has le i me to think t^at ! ' 
the rocks at Mt. Egrrton, taken to be pre-Nullagine, may belong to tlie j - 
Nullagine series. — A.M. ♦ , 
( 
