24 
A. GIBB MAITLAND, F.G.S. : 
rocks, which are divisible into a lower or limestone series and 
an upper or sandstone series. So far as observations in the 
Kimberley rocks have yet been carried, no boulder beds 
showing ice action have been recognised, though in view 
of the occurrence of Permo-Carboniferous glacial con- 
glomerates in India, within 17 degrees of the equator, their 
presence in the farthest north of Western Australia would 
cause me little surprise. 
Correlation of the Deposits. 
With regard to the geological horizon of the “ Lyons 
Conglomerate,” there are very sound geological reasons for 
believing it to have been contemporaneous in age with 
those beds which afford evidence of the glaciation that 
affected India, South Africa, South America, and Eastern 
Australia in Permo-Carboniferous times. In the four 
continents in which the evidences of this refrigeration occurs 
it is noteworthy and of importance that the glacial con- 
glomerates are succeeded by coal seams, and beds containing 
the cold climate plants of the Glossopteris and Gangamopteris 
flora. There seem to have been inter-glacial stages in 
all four continents during the Permo-Carboniferous period, 
but so far there is no clear evidence of any such in Western 
Australia. This Permo-Carboniferous epoch presents, per- 
haps, one of the most remarkable problems disclosed by 
geology. 
In India the glacial boulder beds have been found at 
several localities in Talchir and the Salt Range at places 
700 to 800 miles apart. In South Africa all the observations 
indicate that the area occupied by the Dwyka glacial 
conglomerate has a horizontal extent of 800 miles. Whilst 
in most of the. States of the Australian Commonwealth 
glacial beds of this age occur with a range between 23 0 
and 43 0 south latitude, and about 35 0 of longitude ; in 
Eastern Australia, however, these glacial deposits do not 
appear to have been quite synchronous in all localities. 
The geological horizon of the “ Talchir Conglomerate ” 
in India, which is characterised by a boulder bed with a 
silt-like matrix, appears to correspond approximately with 
the basal member of the Upper Carboniferous Series. What 
is known as the Productus Limestone Series, which in the 
Salt Range overlies the Talchir Boulder Bed, affords good 
grounds for correlation with the beds on the Gascoyne, 
the Minilya and the Lyndon Rivers. 
According to recent researches into the palaeontology 
of the Salt Range beds of India, it appears that Spiriferina 
Lata, McCoy, of Western Australia, is hardly to be dis- 
