12 
W. D. CAMPBELL, A.K.C., F.G.S., A.M.I.C.E., L.S. : 
Description of a Cave with Aboriginal Markings at Apper- 
TARRA, AND OF A CAVE AND ROCK SHELTERS AT WlI.LOW 
Gully, Nonga and Norman Well, Northampton. By 
W. D. Campbell, A.K.C., F.G.S., A.M.I.C.E., L.S. (Read 
March nth, 1913.) 
This cave is within the road area, which skirts the east side 
of Lot 11, Appertarra, about six miles north-east of Northampton, 
and about ten chains south of the north-eastern corner of this 
lot. It is three-quarters of a chain from the fenced side of the 
lot, and faces north-east. To the north of this point there is the 
head of a small valley trending north-easterly, and it is bounded 
here bv an escarpment about nine feet high, forming the edge 
of the tableland. The cave is in this escarpment, and it has 
evidently been formed by the soakage of water down a small 
fissure, which is perpendicularly above the back portion of the 
cave. The kaolinised surface of the granite has here become 
silicified, rendering it hard and able to form the roof of the cave. 
The cave is fifteen feet wide and fifteen feet deep, and it is four 
feet high at the entrance. 
At the back of the cave there are stencilled paintings of 
twelve left hands, three womeras, and two sticks, all in white 
relief, as can be seen in Fig. 2, Plate VII. 
Fig. 1, Plate VII, shows a section of the cave. The floor is 
sandy, with a considerable admixture of wood ashes and charcoal, 
and the usual kitchen midden slope has been formed outside the 
entrance of the cave. 
In order to make this road passable for traffic it will, un- 
fortunately, be necessary to make a cutting through this escarp- 
ment, which will endanger the existence of the cave, unless the 
cutting is made close to the west side of the road area. It is to 
be hoped that when the work is undertaken this precaution will 
be adopted. 
Description of a Rock Shelter and Cave at Willow 
Gully, near Northampton. 
These are situated about i| miles from the entrance to 
the Bowes River, just within the north boundary of Loc. 116, 
where the valley is contracted by the hills to a width of about 
a quarter of a mile. they are about three-quarters of a mile from 
Mr. M. Williams’ “ Willow Gully ” homestead, to which place 
there is a good road from Northampton, distant between 11 and 
12 miles. The position is shown in the enlargement of the plan, 
Plate VIII. 
On the north side of the river at this place there is a sandstone 
cliff about 25 feet high, of Jurassic age, and there is a gentle 
slope from its base to the river. The rock shelter is at the east 
end of the cliff ; it faces the east, and is about 30 feet long and 
