8 
MOLLUSCA. 
[Trachelipoda 
elevated ribs, covering the whole shell ; aperture oblong, terminating in a 
rather lengthened, slightly twisted, canal ; outer lip white, a little reflected 
entire, and continuous ; inner lip white, broadly reflected on the columella ; 
colour cream white, yellowish, or flesh-colour ; the inside in some specimens 
of a beautiful rosy hue ; length flve-eighths of an inch. Found at Banflj and 
is not uncommon in the Frith of Forth, adhering to Fuci. 
Young sheila are covered with a flne yellowish brown epidermis. 
28. F. asperrimus, pi. VI, f. 2. — First Ed.,,pl. 47, f. 2 ; Leach’s MS. 
Shell turreted ; spire with seven abruptly tapering volutions, deeply divided 
by the suture ; apex acute ; with thirteen strong longitudinal ribs, crossed 
by sharp, elevated, wide-set, transverse strias, giving the shell a cancellated 
appearance, and where the strim cross the ribs, they produce sharp_ pro- 
truding knobs ; aperture oblong-ovate, ending in a long slightly twisted, 
nearly closed canal ; outer lip sharp at the edge, but thickened behind, by a 
tuberculate rib ; columella smooth aud obliquely striate ; colour yellowish- 
white ; length half an inch, breadth not quite a quarter. Found on the Dor- 
setshire coast by Mr. Prideaux, and in the Cabinet of Dr. Leach, British 
Museum. 
29. F. elegans, pi. VI, f. 3. — First Ed., pi. 47, f. 3 ; Leach’s MS. 
Shell strong, fusiform ; spire with eight volutions, divided by a narrow, 
elevated belt, tapering to an acute point, and nearly equal in length to the 
body ; with twelve broad, depressed, longitudinal, somewhat oblique ribs ; 
crossed by fine, thick-set, brown lines, giving it the appearance of being 
striated ; body abruptly acuminate ; aperture oblong-ovate, terminating in a 
wide, spreading, straight canal of medium length ; outer lip strong, slightly 
reflected, and rising somewhat abruptly from the body above, inner lip 
white, narrow, and transversely lineated below ; colour pale fawn, with a 
transverse burnt sienna-coloured band, on the body, parallel with the upper 
margin of the aperture. Length half an inch ; breadth not a quarter. Found 
on the Devonshire coast, and in the Cabinet of Dr. Leach, British Museum. 
30. F. antiquus, pi. VI, f. 8 —First Ed., pi. 47, f. 8 , Lamarck, VII, p. 125, 
No. 11; Murex antiquus ; Brown in Ency. Brit. VI, p 488; Murex despectus ; 
Montagu, p. 266 ; Donovan, IV, pi. 119 ; Pennant, IV, No. 78. 
Shell strong ; spire short, consisting of seven or eight ventricose, well 
defined volutions, abruptly tapering to a sharp apex ; body large, acuminate 
beneath ; the whole shell with numerous somewhat undulating spiral striae, 
crossed by faint, nearly obsolete, longitudinal striae, or lines of growth ; beak 
with strong pleats behind ; apeture sub-oval, ending in a canal of medium 
length; outer lip plain, entire, smooth, and slightly reflected in perfect 
specimens ; pillar lip broadly reflected on the columella ; colour yellowish- 
white, pale fawn, ferruginous, or greyish-brown ; inside white in some speci- 
mens, and yellow-orange in others. Length varying from four to five 
inches. 
The magnificent specimen from which we drew our figure was tak^n, in 
deep water, in the British Channel, otf Liverpool, by William Nicol,_ Esq., 
Edinburgh, and is in his Cabinet; it measures six inches and three- eighths 
in length. 
This shell is found on most of the British coasts, in deep water. It is also 
abudant in the sea around Ireland. 
This species varies much in its proportions in difterent localities. Those of 
the German Ocean, and whole eastern line of the British coasts are longer and 
narrower than those of the Irish Channel, and western coasts of Scotland, 
the body of the latter being larger in proportion to the length of the spire, 
and also much broader. We give, the following measurements, which 
wiU be found to represent their prevailing proportional dimensions. The 
specimen from which we figured our illustration, from the Irish Channel, 
was in length 65 inches ; breadth 3^ ; length of aperture from the base of 
the canal 4| ; width from the pillar lip to the outer lip If ; length of lower 
volution of spire from the top of the aperture ; of the remaining volutions 
14 ; breadth of the body 3 inches. A specimen from Hartlepool, county of 
D^urham, length 6^ inches ; breadth 3|- ; length of aperture 3f ; breadth of 
do. If ; length of lower volution of the spire, | ; from lower volution to the 
top of spire 2j inches. 
31. F. Turtoni, pi. VTI, f. 1 ; Bean in Loudon’s Journal, VII, p. 493, f. 61. 
Shell fusiform ; spire consisting of eight weU defined, acuminate, abruptly 
tapering volutions ; covered with slightly elevated spiral lines, broader than 
intervening spaces, and crossed by numerous longitudinal lines of growth ; 
the volutions are a little tumid in the middle, from which they gradually slop 
to the suture ; aperture ovate, nearly the same length as the spire, terminating 
in a very short and wide canal ; outer lip a little dilated and very thick ; 
inner lip smooth, glossy, and broadly reflected on the columella ; colour white, 
covered with a brown epidermis ; inside pale violet. Length four inches 
and a half; breadth about two inches. Found among the rejectamenta of a 
fishing-boat at Scarborough, by William Bean, Esq., and in his Cabinet. A 
represents the operculum. 
This shell has much the aspect of F. antiquus, and is probably only an 
elongated lusus of that species. 
32. F. carinattis, pi. VI, f. 10 and 13. — First Ed., pi. 47, f. 10 and 13 ; La- 
marck, VII, p. 126, No. 13 ; Murex carinatus; Pennant, IV, pi. 77, f, 96 ; Do- 
novan, IV, pi. 109 ; Murex antiquus ; Montagu, p. 659. 
Shell strong ; spire turreted, consisting of seven volutions, the centre of 
each rising into a strong, undulated, carinated ridge, and all deeply divided 
by the suture ; body and spire with wide, undulating, depressed, longitudinal 
ribs ; crossed by waved, spiral striae ; aperture oval, terminating in a long 
canal ; outer lip even except where the ridges terminate ; inner lip smooth ; 
inside livid white ; external colour pale brown. Length three inches and a 
half. 
Figs. 31, 32, and 33, are supposed by Captain Laskey to be the young of 
this shell. He says he found it on the coast near Dunbar. We do not think 
that it agrees with the F. carinatus. 
Said to he found in Scotland, but we consider this very doubtful as a 
British species. 
33. F. corneus, pi. VI, f. 7 and 9 — First Ed. pi. 47, f. 7 and 9 ; Murex eor- 
neus ; Montagu, p. 258 ; Donovan, II, pi. 38 ; Pennant, TV, pi. 76, f. 99. 
_ Shell strong, fusiform ; spire consisting of seven tapering, well defined volu- 
tions ; with distant spiral strim, and slightly wrinkled longitudinally; aperture 
oblong-oval, terminating in a long somewhat oblique canal; with a few 
transverse wrinkles at the point of the beak behind ; outer lip smooth ; inner 
lip broadly reflected on the columella ; live shells are usually covered with a 
brown epidermis, beneath which they are white. Length three inches ; 
breath one inch and a quarter. 
Figs. 11 and 12 represent a variety, with the spire, body, and canal shorter ; 
tiie whole shell of greater proportional breadth than usual, and with striae much 
closer and more regular ; measuring two inches and an eighth in length, and 
an inch in breadth. It was found at Seaton, Northumberland, by Walter 0. 
Trevelyan, Esq., and is in the Cabinet of Sir John Trevelyan, Bart, at 
W allington. 
The F. corneus is plentiful on the Northumberland and Yorkshire coasts, 
Essex, the Irish Sea, and Frith of Forth. 
34. F. gyrinus, pi. V, f. 12-13. — First Ed. pi. 48, f. 12-13; Montagu, Sup. 
p. 170 ; Llartini, IV, pi. 128, f. 1231-1232. 
Shell strong, short, conic, considerably tumid ; spire consisting of three volu- 
tions, each covered with three rows of tubercles ; on the body there are eight 
rows of tubercles ; colour dark chesnut brown. Length scarcely a quarter of an 
inch ; breadth one-eighth. Pound at Nun's Island by Captain Laskey. 
35. F. minutus, pi. V. f. 18 and 24. — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 18 and 24. 
Shell sub-fusiform ; spire short, consisting of five short, rounded, and 
deeply divided volutions, terminating in an obtuse apex ; body nearly four 
times the length of the spire in front, obliquely depressed above, from whence 
it tapers to its base ; the body and two lower volutions of the spire provided 
with fourteen longitudinal, strong ribs, which suddenly decline towards the 
suture : those of the body are thickest at top, and gradually become thinner 
as they descend to the base behind, but only reach the venter or middle of 
the aperture in front ; the whole shell covered with very fine spiral strim ; 
aperture oblong, ending in a short wide canal ; outer lip thin, smooth, conti- 
nuous, abruptly rising from the body above ; inner lip slightly reflected on the 
columella ; colour pale chestnut, with a broad, reddish brown, transverse 
band on the centre of the body, the depression on the upper part of the body, 
and the top and bottom of each volution with a fillet of the same colour. We 
discovered this species in Lough Strangford, Ireland — It is in Lady Jardine’s 
Cabinet. 
Genus 1 3 — Pleurotoma. — Lamark. 
Shell turreted or fusiform, terminated below by a straight canal, 
more or less long ; aperture with a fissure or notch at the upper 
part. 
1 . P. sinuosa, pi. V, f. 40. — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 40 ; Murex sinuosus ; p, 264, 
pi. 9, f. 8 ; Maton and Racket, in Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 143. 
Shell strong, thick, white ; six longitudnal, slightly i-aised volutions, taper- 
ing to a fine point ; with seven strong, elevated, arcuated ribs, which do not 
quite extend to the upper part of the volutions, in each, separated only 
by a fine thread-like line ; the whole shell finely and regularly spirally 
striated, less conspicious on the ribs, but well defined in the interstices 
between them; aperture oblong-oval, narrow ; canal short, greatly contracted; 
outer lip smooth, slightly thickened by a rib. and with a deep sinus at its 
upper angle ; pillar lip replicated on the columella. Length three quarters 
of an inch ; breadth a quarter. Found at Weymouth. Very rare. 
2, P. reticulata, pi. V, f. 29-30. — First Ed., pi. 48. f. 29-30. 
Shell sub-fusiform ; spire turreted, consisting of four deeply defined 
volutions, abruptly tapering to a sharp apex ; with from fourteen to eighteen 
longitudinal, close-set ribs, extending from the apex to the venter in front, 
but to nearly the base in rear ; whole shell crossed by strong spiral striae, 
giving it a reticulated appearance ; aperture oblong, narrowed at each 
extremity, and ending in a very short canal ; outer lip sharp at the margin, 
slightly inflected, and with a sinus at its upper angle ; pillar lip smooth ; 
inner lip rather broadly reflected on the columella ; colour pale brown. 
Length quarter of an inch ; breadth an eighth. Found at Greenock by 
Stewart Ker, Esq. 
Genus 14-. — Cerithium. — Bruguiere. 
Shell t arreted ; aperture oblong, oblique, terminated at the base 
by a short, truncated, recurved canal, without a notch j the oute, 
lip with a grove at its upper extx-emity ; aperture provided with a 
horny operculum. 
