MOLLUSCA. 
51 
Involute.] 
is also common in many inland situations. Mr. Thompson 
mentions having found a specimen nine lines in circumference 
at Portarlington, where I likewise met with large and beautiful 
specimens. Thompson also adds, “As an exception to the 
more ordinary places of its occurrence, may be mentioned the 
ruins of Dunluce Castle, situated on the summit of an insu- 
lated mass of rocks, considerably elevated above the sea.” 
Sub-Genus 6. — Verticillatje. — Ferussac. 
Shells striated, and vaHed in colour. 
29 . Helix rotundata, pi. XVII, f. 14, 18, 19, 20, and 
24^First Ed., pi. 40, f. 14, 18, 19, 20, and 24. 
Helix rotundata, Muller, Verm., II, p. 29, No. 231 ; Dra- 
pernaud, p. 114, pi. 8, f. 4; Brard, p. 51, pi. 2, f. 10, 11; 
Pfeiffer, I, p. 44, pi. 2, f. 33, 34; Rossmassler, VII, p. 13, pi. 
32, f. 454; Fleming, Brit. An., p. 263; Alder, Mag. Zool. and 
Bot., II, p. 109; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XIII, p. 342; Forbes, 
Mai. Mon., p. 8 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 
30 ; Helix radiata, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 432, pi. 24, f. 3 ; 
Da Costa, Brit. Conch., p. 57, ph 4, f. 15, 16; Brown, Wer- 
nerian Mem., H, p. 525 ; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 80 ; 
Maton and Racket!, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 199; Turton, Man., p. 
59 ; Zonites radiatus, Leach, Moll., p. 102. 
Variety 1. Spire depressed. 
Helix Turtoni, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 260 ; Helix albella, 
Nilsson, p. 30. 
Variety 2, pi. XVII, f. 14 and 20. Pale, nearly colourless, 
semitransparent, and destitute of rays. 
Shell with the spire depressed, consisting of five rather flat- 
tened, but well defined volutions ; body rounded, with a sub- 
carinated zone round its centre; base convex, with a very large 
and deep umbilicus, exhibiting all the superior volutions inter- 
nally ; aperture semilunar ; outer lip thin, and not reflected ; 
whole surface of a light brown colour, and diagonally rayed 
with chestnut ; and with strong, longitudinally oblique, regular, 
close-set striae. Diameter a little more than a quarter of an 
inch. 
This shell is found all over Great Britain and Ireland, on old 
walls, dry mud banks, and under stones in woody situations. 
Mr. Thompson mentions having found a specimen at Shane’s 
Castle Park, County of Antrim, whose height and diameter 
were equal, and procured two of the crystalline variety at 
Holywood House, County of Down. 
30. Helix PYGMiEA, pi. XVIII, f. 48, 49. 
Helix pygmcea, Drapernaud, p. 114, pi. 8, f. 8, 9, 10, No. 
51; Ferussac, Prod., No. 200; Gray, Med. Rep., 1821, p. 239; 
Turton, Man., p. 61, f. 46, No. 46 ; Pfeiffer, III, p. 21, pi. 4, 
f. 20, 21 ; Nilsson, Sacc., p. 32; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 
343; Rossmassler, VIII, p. 37, pi. 39, f- 532; Alder, Mag. 
Zool. and Bot., II, p. 109; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. 
Hist., VI, p. 31; Helix Kirbii, Sheppard, Linn. Trans, XVI, 
p. 162; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XIII, p. 512. 
Shell subdiaphanous, with the body large ; spire very small, 
consisting of three rapidly, well defined, diminishing volutions, 
terminating in a subobtuse apex; aperture roundish, subluni- 
form, width and length equal; outer lip thin, but not reflected; 
of a horn-colour, with very slight longitudinal striae ; umbilicus 
rather large ; base rounded. Diameter about the fifteenth of 
an inch. 
A local species in Britain, inhabiting shaded and moist locali- 
ties, lurking under stones and fallen leaves, and has been met 
with near Clare, in Suffolk ; at Devizes, Wiltshire ; and near 
Wylam and at Twizil House, Northumberland. We found it 
in Rosslyn Glen, County of Mid Lothian, and Thompson says 
it locates at Ballantrae, Ayrshire. Mr. Thompson informs us 
that it is “ indigenous to the more northern two-thirds of Ire- 
land, from east to west.” He particularises the Counties of 
Down, Antrim, Clare, and Queen’s County. 
It differs from the following species, in being more depressed 
and transparent. 
31. Helix umbilicata, pi. XVII, f. 30, 31 — First Ed., 
pi. 40, f. 30, 31. 
Helix umbilicata, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 434, pi. 13, f. 2 ; 
Maton and Rackett, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 20; Fleming, Brit. 
An., p. 262 ; Ib., Ency. Brit., VII, p. 80 ; Brown, Ency. Brit., 
6th Ed., VI, p. 458 ; Ib., Wernerian Mem., II, p. 525 ; Tur- 
ton, Brit. Fau., p. 189; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 
VI, p. 31 ; Helix rupestris, Drapernaud, p. 82, pi. 8, f. 7, 8, 9; 
Ferussac, Prod., No. 201, pi. 80, f. 2, 3 ; Pfeiffer, III, p. 22, 
pi. 4, f. 22 ; Turton, Man., p. 60, f. 45 ; Forbes, Mai. Mon., p. 
8; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., H, p. 109> No. 30; Zonites 
rupestris, Leach, Moll., p. 103. 
Shell subpellucid, of a dark burnt umber-brown colour; body 
large ; spire of medium length, consisting of four much inflated 
volutions, deeply divided by the sutural line, and terminating in 
a moderately produced apex; whole shell covered by very fine, 
longitudinal striae ; aperture neau'ly circular ; outer lip thin, and 
not reflected ; base rounded and inflated, with a very large and 
deep umbilicus, exposing the inside of the volutions of the 
spire. Diameter at the base one-tenth of an inch ; height not 
quite so much. 
This shell has much the aspect of the preceding, but will be 
readily recognised by its superior size, being a third larger than 
that of the latter. It is rather local in Britain. It frequents 
high rocky situations, lurking in crevices, of dry and old walls, 
and under stones. Montagu says, “ it is remarkable that this 
shell always affects such lofty places as the tops of houses, with- 
out one being found near the base ; and in that situation its 
inhabitant braves equally the scorching beams of the sun in 
summer, and the frigid winds of winter, without attempting to 
descend.” Thompson remarks that it is generally distributed 
throughout the southern three-fourths of Ireland, more parti- 
cularly over the great limestone belt which traverses the coun- 
try. I met with it first in Ireland, in the crevices of a mossy 
stone, at Clonooney Barracks, King’s County. Forbes gives its 
habitat on walls, near Douglas, Isle of Man. 
Sub- Genus 7. — Hyalinm — Ferussac. 
Shell diaphanous, glabrous, hyaline, and shining. 
32. Helix cellaria, pi. XVII, f. 59, 60. — First Ed., pi. 
40, f. 59, 60. 
Helix cellaria, Muller, Verm., II, p. 28, No. 280; Lamarck, 
An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 91, No. 96; Pfeiffer, I, p. 42, 
pi. 2, f. 29 , 30; Rossmassler, I, p. 70, pi. 1, f. 22; Ib., VII, 
