MOLLUSCA. 
113 
Pholadaria.] 
Turton says that this shell in every respect resembles Solen 
Siliqua, except in the teeth ; in the S. Ligula the single tooth 
is compressed, rounded, obtuse at the top, and slightly cleft. 
Turton found it plentiful in the sands at Tor Abbey, where 
at low water-mark it may easily be obtained alive. 
4. Solen Ensis, pi. XLVII, f. 10, 10. 
Solen Ensis, First Ed., pi. 13, f. 10; Montagu, p. 48; Dono- 
van, II, pi. 50; Turton, Biv., p. 82; Fleming, p. 458; Forbes, 
p. 56. 
Shell considerably arcuated, subcylindrical, truncated at both 
extremities ; the anterior side oblique ; a triangular area takes 
its rise close to the umbonal region, and terminates on the 
opposite side ; striated and coloured like S. Siliqua ; hinge 
with a single, lateral, cardinal tooth in one valve, locking be- 
tween two teeth in the opposite valve, which is provided with 
a strong, elevated, slightly recurved, cleft, lateral tooth for the 
reception of the opposite simple one ; strong, elevated, lateral 
lamina, with a rounded termination, in both valves, take their 
rise close to the base of the cardinal teeth, extending to nearly 
a fourth of the breadth of the shell; inside bluish-white. 
General length three-quarters of an inch ; breadth about five 
inches ; but specimens of much greater dimensions have been 
found in Ireland and the Orkney Islands. 
Not uncommon on many of the sandy shores of Britain and 
Ireland. 
5. Solen pellucidus, pi. XLVII, f. 4. 
Solen pygmceus. First Ed., pi. 13, f. 4; Lamarck, V, p. 452; 
Solen pellucidus, Montagu, p. 49 ; Donovan, V, pi. 153 ; Tur- 
ton, Biv., p. 83 ; Fleming, p. 459. 
Shell slightly arcuated, compressed, fragile, subpellucid ; 
rounded at both extremities ; covered with a very thin, yellow- 
ish-green epidermis, beneath which the surface is usually of a 
very pale flesh-colour; umbones situate near to one side; hinge 
with a single, small tooth in one valve, locking between two in 
the opposite one ; each valve provided with lateral teeth ; in- 
side white. Length a quarter of an inch ; breadth somewhat 
more than an inch. 
A local species, found at Sandwich, Cornwall ; Red Wharf, 
Anglesey; Torbay, Devonshire; Portmarnock, Ireland; Porto- 
bello and Musselburgh, Scotland. 
Genus 44 — Solenocurtus De Blainville. 
Shell transverse, elongated, equivalve, subequilateral ; the 
hinge and basal lines nearly parallel ; extremities truncated, or 
rounded, and gaping ; umbones hardly developed and subcen- 
tral ; surface invested by a very thin epidermis ; hinge with or 
without three rudimentary, cardinal teeth, and a prominent bar 
reaching nearly half across the valves ; ligament prominent, 
seated upon thick callosities ; two distant, rounded, muscular 
impressions in each valve, one situate towards the broader side, 
the other subcentral ; pallial impression straight, with a sinus at 
the broader end. 
1. Solenocurtus Legumen, pi. XLVII, f. 8, 9, 9-* 
Solen Legumen, First Ed., pi. 13, f. 8, 9; Pennant, IV, p. 84, 
pi. 46, f. 24 ; Montagu, p. 50 ; Donovan, II, pi. 53 ; Lamarck, 
V, p. 453; Pharus Legumen, Leach, MSS., p. 6; Fleming, p. 
459 ; PsammoUa Legumen, Turton, Biv., p. 90. 
2 F 
Shell greatly elongated transversely, thin, and subpellucid ; 
umbones subcentral, hardly perceptible ; surface smooth, with 
fine, irregular, shallow, concentric striaj ; covered with a very 
thin, yellowish fawn-coloured epidermis, which is frequently 
decorticated towards the hinge and on the superior portions of 
the shell ; shorter side broad, aud gently tapering towards the 
opposite extremity, where the valves are more acute, and 
slightly subtruncated; hinge with two small, erect, recurved, 
cardinal teeth in one valve, between which an erect, thin tooth 
in the opposite valve is locked ; in both valves is a parallel, 
arcuated, hook-like side tooth, continued by a pretty long, 
laminar process, or lateral tooth, on which the ligament is 
seated; on the opposite side is a lengthened, strong ridge, 
reaching from the cardinal teeth nearly to the side of the 
valves ; inside white, or pale flesh-colour, and glossy. General 
length at hinge nearly seven-eighths of an inch ; breadth four 
inches : but sometimes found considerably larger. 
A local species, found on the north coast of Devonshire, 
Hampshire, Caermarthenshire, Swansea, of a superior size on 
many of the Irish coasts, and is plentiful on the east coast, 
from Cork to Belfast. 
Genus 45 — Azor. — Leach. 
Shell transversely oblong; umbones blunt, and situated nearly 
central; gaping at both sides; hinge with one erect, elevated, 
recurved tooth in one valve, which fits between two erect, 
recurved teeth in the opposite one, all of which project con- 
siderably above the commissure, or hinge line of the valves ; 
cartilage external ; two large muscular impressions in both 
valves ; pallial impression interrupted by an extremely large, 
ascending, tongue-shaped sinus, which extends nearly to the 
umbones. 
1. Azor antiquatus, pi. XLVII, f. 6, 7* 
Solen antiquatus. First Ed., pi. 13, f. 6, 7 ; Lamarck, V, p. 
454; Maton and Rackett, p. 46; Donovan, IV, pi. 114; Mon- 
tagu, p. 52; Donovan, IV, pi. 114; Azor antiquatus, Leach, 
MSS., p. 6; Psammohia antiquata, Fleming, p. 460; Turton, 
p. 91 ; Solen antiquatus, Solen cultellus, Pennant, IV, p. 85, pi. 
46, f. 25. 
Shell transversely oblong-ovate, thin ; umbones straight, 
placed nearly central; sides rounded, and gaping; colour white; 
covered with a moderately strong, yellowish-brown epidermis, 
beneath which the surface is covered with fine, somewhat irre- 
gular, concentric striae ; hinge with a single, elevated, erect, 
curved, reflected tooth in one valve, which locks between two 
reflected teeth in the opposite one ; inside smooth, glossy, 
white, or bluish-white ; margin plain. 
Found on the coasts of Cornwall, Dorset, Hampshire ; and 
Dublin Bay and Portmarnock, Ireland. 
Family X. — Pholadaria. 
Valves provided with accessory pieces ; or gaping considera- 
bly anteriorly. 
Genus 46 Galeomma. — Turton. 
Shell thin, generally oval, equivalve, equilateral ; ventral, or 
basal margin gaping widely ; a single, small, cardinal tooth in 
each valve; two lateral, indistinct, somewhat approximate, mus- 
