122 
MOLLUSCA. 
arcuated and sharp points; whole exterior surface irregularly 
wrinkled, both longitudinally and transversely, and of a deep 
purplish rosy hue on the higher portions. 
Fig. 14, 15, the operculum. 
Found by Dr. Leach, enveloped in sponge, on the Devon- 
shire coast, and is not uncommon. 
Shells with a bivalve operculum. 
Genus 3. — Clitia Leach. 
Shell a depressed, irregularly-shaped cone, attached by the 
base, and consisting of four unequal, dissimilar valves, two larger 
and two smaller, laterally united by the interlocking of their 
dentated margins ; aperture somewhat trapeziform, laterally 
placed, and entirely filled by a bipartite operculum, one of the 
[Serpulacea. 
pieces of which is irregularly quadrate, and the other nearly 
triangular. 
1 . Clitia verruca, pi. LIII, f. 30. 
Creusia verruca, First Ed., pi. 7, f. 30; Lamarck, V, p. 400; 
Lepas verruca, Chemnitz, Conch., VIII, pi. 98, f. 834 ; Lepas 
stnata. Pennant, IV, p. 73, pi. 38, f. 7 ; Lepas intertexta, 
Donovan, I, pi. 36, f. 1 ; Maton and Rackett, p. 26 ; Balanus 
striata, Montagu, p. 12. 
Shell much depressed, white ; compartments strongly ribbed 
diagonally, and oblique to each other; the ribs with fine, trans- 
verse striae ; margin of the base irregularly serrated ; aperture 
pretty large, oblique, and quite closed by the operculum. Dia- 
meter a quarter of an inch, sometimes a little more. 
Found adhering to shells, stones, &c., on many of the British 
and Irish coasts ; very common in many localities. 
CLASS FOURTH. 
ANNELIDES. 
Animal with a more or less elongated body, having red 
blood, and inhabiting a testaceous tube, with which, however, 
they have no muscular adhesion, but from which they never 
depart during life. 
ORDER L— SEDENTARIA. 
Animals protected by a testaceous tube, which they never 
leave during life; branchiae placed at one extremity of the body. 
Family I — Serpulacea. 
Tube solid, calcareous, and adherent to other bodies. 
Genus 1 . — Serpula. — Linnaeus. 
Shell tubular, narrow, gradually widening towards the aper- 
ture, and pointed towards the apex; attached irregularly to 
other bodies; sometimes wound spirally; keeled, imbricated, 
or plain ; aperture round, for the most part, or angulated in the 
ribbed species. 
Section I. — Shells partially attached to extraneous bodies, 
and in some instances free. 
1. Serpula tubularia, pi. LV, f. 9, 10. 
Serpula tubularia. First Ed., pi. 2, f. 9> 10; Montagu, p. 
513; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, Art. Conch., p. 67> pi. 204, 
f. 9 ; Brown, Ency. Brit., VI, p. 468. 
Shell round, irregularly flexous, gradually tapering, opaque, 
white, slightly wrinkled transversely ; always adhering by the 
smaller end to stones or other extraneous bodies ; ascending in 
a considerable angle from the base, in some instances nearly 
perpendicularly, and in most instances almost straight. 
Inhabits the sea at Torcross, Devonshire, Zetland, and is not 
uncommon in the Clyde at Rothesay, and other places in the 
estuary of that river. 
2. Serpula contorta, pi. LV, f. 4. 
Serpula contorta. First Ed., pi. 2, f. 4. 
Shell round, tube irregularly contorted, slightly spiral, and 
hardly tapering, unattached; cream-white, with irregular, trans- 
verse wrinkles. 
Found at Dunbar, by General Bingham. 
3. Serpula spiralis, pi. LV, f. 6. 
Serpula spiralis. First Ed., pi. 2, f. 6. 
Shell a spiral, subtriangular tube, with a carinated ridge along 
its superior portion, which projects in a tooth-like form over the 
subtriangular aperture. 
Found at Dunbar, by General Bingham. 
4. Serpula perversa, pi. LV, f. 7- 
Serpula perversa. First Ed., pi. 2, f. 7. 
Shell a reversed spiral, subtriangular tube, with a carinated 
ridge along its superior portion, and projecting beyond the aper- 
ture, which is slightly subtriangular. 
Found at Dunbar, by General Bingham. 
