arnica 
arnica (ar'ui-ka), n. [NL., origin unknown ; 
perhaps a perversion of I'turiuira, <[. v.] 1. 
A plant of the genus Arnica. 2. [cop.] A 
genus of perennial herbs, natural order Com- 
posite, natives of the northern temperate and 
Mountain-tobacco (Arnica motttana}. 
arctic zones, with showy yellow flowers and 
opposite leaves. The most important species, A. rnon- 
tana, the mountain-tobacco of central Europe, has long 
been a popular remedy in Germany. A. alpina is found 
in high northern regions in all parts of the world ; one 
species is peculiar to the Atlantic States, and a dozen 
others are natives of western North America. 
3. A tincture of the roots or flowers of A. mon- 
tana, much used as an external application in 
wounds and bruises, and internally as a stimu- 
lant in debilitated states. 
arnicin, arnicine (ar'ni-sin), . [< arnica + 
-in 2 .] An acrid bitter principle in the flowers 
and roots of Arnica man tana. 
Arnoldist (ar'nold-ist), n. [< Arnold + -ist.] 
A disciple of Arnold of Brescia, who in Italy in 
the twelfth century preached against the am- 
bition and luxury of ecclesiastics, not sparing 
the pope himself. He maintained the subordination 
of the ecclesiastical to the temporal power, and proclaimed 
the necessity of both a civil and an ecclesiastical revolu- 
tion. In 1146 he put himself at the head of a temporarily 
successful insurrection against the temporal power of the 
pope. He was put to death in 1155. 
Arnold's ganglion, nerve. See the nouns. 
arnot, arnott, . See arnut. 
arnotto (ar-not'6), n. [In various other forms, 
arnatto, anatto, anotto, anotta, annatto, annotto, 
annotta; prob. a native Amer. name.] 1. Bixa 
Arnotto (Bixa Orellana). 
Orellana, a small tree, natural order Bixaeew, a 
native of tropical America. It is extremely common 
in Jamaica and other parts of the West Indies and has 
been introduced into tropical regions of the old world. 
2. The dye or coloring matter obtained from 
the seeds of this plant. The seeds are covered with 
a reddish or reddish-yellow waxy pulp, which is dissolved 
in water, then dried to the consistency of putty, and made 
up in rolls or folded in leaves, or dried still more and 
316 
made into cakes. It is employed as a dye for silken, woolen, 
or cotton stutfs, as an auxiliary in giving a deeper shade 
to simple yellows, anil also as a coloring ingredient for but- 
ter, cheese, and chocolate, and for varnishes and lacquers. 
arnut, arnot (ar'uut, -not), n. [E. dial., = 
carthnut, q. v. Cf. arlinr/ for eartlding.] The 
earthnut (which see). Also spelled arnott. 
aroeira (ar-o-a'ra), n. [Braz.] The native 
name of a small auacardiaceous tree of Brazil, 
Sehinunterebinthifolius, the resin obtained from 
which, and also the bark and leaves, are used as 
a remedy for rheumatism and other complaints. 
aroid (ar'oid), n. [< Arum + -oid.~\ One of the 
Aroitlcte or Aracece. 
Aroideae (a-roi'de-e), n. pi. [NL., < Arum + 
-wdvie."] Same as Araeete. 
aroint, aroynt (a-roinf), v. [Found onlyin the 
expression "Aroint thee, witch!" in two pas- 
sages of Shakspere, and in modern imitations, 
beingprob. Shakspere's own adaptation (aroynt, 
after around (see below), or with an unoriginal 
introductory syllable due perhaps to forcible 
utterance, or perhaps merely metrical, for 
*roynt, rynt, the diphthong oy, oi being then 
and still dial, often equiv. to y, I) of an E. dial. 
(Cheshire) proverb, '"Rynt you, witch,' quoth 
Bessie Locket to her mother," so recorded by 
Ray in 1693, but prob. in use in Shakspere's 
time. (If original with him, it could not have 
passed into popular speech so early as 1693.) 
The proverb, which bears the marks of local 
origin, from some incident long forgotten, con- 
tains a particular use of the same verb that 
occurs in E. dial, ryntye (given by Kay in con- 
nection with the proverb), ryndta (Thoresby, 
1703), rynt thee, an expression " used by milk- 
maids in Cheshire to a cow when she has been 
milked, to bid her get out of the way" (Clark 
and Wright, ed. Shak., 1. c., note), that is, round 
ye, round thee, move round, turn about; ryml, 
rynt, being a dial, form of round: see roWKpCj 
I. intrans. An interjectional imperative, equiv- 
alent, in the passages quoted, to avaunt! be- 
gone ! See etymology. 
"Aroint thee, witch ! " the rump-fed ronyon cries. 
Shak., Macbeth, i. 3. 
He met the night-mare and her nine-fold ; 
Bid her alight, 
And her troth plight, 
And aroint thee, witch, aroint thee ! 
Shak., Lear, iii. 4. 
H. trans. To say "aroint" to; bid begone. 
Whiskered cats, arointed, flee. 
Mrs. Browning, To Flush, xviii. 
That Humbug, whom thy soul aroint*. 
Browning, Two Poets. 
arolium (a-ro'li-um), . ; pi. arolia (-a). [NL.] 
An appendage of the tarsus of some insects, as 
the Trtchoptera, or caddis-flies. 
A short cushion [plantula] and two membranous arolia. 
Pascoe, Zool. Class., p. 120. 
arolia (a-rol'ii), . The Swiss stone-pine, Finns 
Cembra. 
aroma (a-ro'ma), . ; pi. aromas (-maz), some- 
times aroniata (-ma-ta). [Early mod. E. aro- 
mate, < ME. aromaf, <"OF. aromat, mod. F. aro- 
mate; mod. E. directly < L. aroma, < Gr. apu/ia 
(apufiaT-), anyspice orsweetherb; perhapsorig. 
the smell of a plowed field, and so identical with 
apu/ia, a plowed field, arable land, < apouv, plow, 
= L. arare, plow: see arable.] If. Spice: 
usually in the plural, spices. N. E. D.2. An 
odor arising from spices, plants, or other sub- 
stances, more especially an agreeable odor; 
fragrance; spicy perfume. 
The air had the true northern aroma, 
B. Taylor, Lands of the Saracen, p. 276. 
3. Figuratively, a characteristic but subtle 
quality; a pervasive charm or flavor. 
The subtle aroma of genius. Saturday Rev. 
A happy surprise awaits those who come to the study of 
the early literature of New England with the expectation 
of finding it altogether arid in sentiment, or void of the 
spirit and aroma of poetry. 
M. C. Tyler, Hist. Amer. Lit., I. 264. 
= Syn. 2. Perfume, Fragrance, etc. See smell, n. 
aromatic (ar-o-mat'ik), a. and n. [Early mod. 
E. aromatick, -yque, < ME. aromatyk, < OF. aro- 
matique, < LL. aromaticus, < Gr. apunarmof, < 
apofia, spice, sweet herb: see aroma.] I. a. 
1. Giving out an aroma; fragrant; sweet- 
scented ; odoriferous ; of spicy flavor. 
Great blueberry bushes hanging thick with misty blue 
spheres, aromatic and sweet with a sweetness no tropic 
suns can give. B. T. Cooke, Somebody's Neighbors, p. 291. 
2. Caused by an aroma or fragrant odor. 
Die of a rose in aromatic pain. 
Pope, Essay on Man, 1. 200. 
3. In chem., an epithet formerly applied to a 
small group of organic bodies, of vegetable 
around 
origin, which had an aromatic smell and taste ; 
now applied to all those compounds which are 
derived from the hydrocarbon benzene, CgH s . 
They are distinguished from those of the fatty series by 
nut buing derived from methane, CH4, and by the fact that 
hydrogen in the aromatic hydrocarbons is easily directly 
replaced by another univalent element or radical, while 
in compounds of the fatty series it is not. They generally 
contain more carbon, also, than the compounds of the 
fatty series. Aromatic vinegar, a volatile and power- 
ful perfume made by adding the essential oils of lavender, 
cloves, etc., and often camphor, to strong acetic acid. It 
is an excitant in fainting, languor, and headache. 
II. n. A plant, drug, or medicine which 
yields u fragrant smell, as sage, certain spices 
and oils, etc. 
aromatical (ar-o-mat'i-kal), a. Same as aro- 
matic. 
aromatically (ar-o-mat'i-kal-i), adv. With an 
aromatic or agreeable odor or taste ; fragrantly. 
aromatite (a-ro'ma-tit), . [< L. aromatitcs, a 
precious stone of he smell and color of myrrh, 
aromatic wine, < Gr. apu/iaTirqi;, aromatic, < 
apufia, spice: see aroma."} 1. A bituminous 
stone, in smell and color resembling myrrh. 2. 
A factitious wine, containing various aromatics. 
aromatization (a-r6"ma-ti-za'8hon), n. [< aro- 
matize + -atiori'.] The act of rendering aro- 
matic ; aromatic flavoring. 
aromatize (a-ro'ma-tlz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
aromatized, ppr. aromatizing. [< late ME. aro- 
matysen, < OF. aromatiser, < LL. aromatizare, < 
Gr. apuftarifciv, spice, < apuua, spice, sweet 
herb: see aroma.'] To render aromatic or fra- 
grant; give a spicy flavor to; perfume. 
aromatizer (a-ro'ma-tl-zer), n. One who or 
that which aromatizes ; that which communi- 
cates an aromatic quality. 
Aromatizem to enricli our sallets. Evelyn, Acetaria, vi. 
aromatous (a-rp'ma-tus), a. [< aroma(t-) + 
-oos.] Containing an aromatic principle ; aro- 
matic. 
Aroniochelyina (ar-o-mok''^^!'^), n. pi. 
[NL., < Aromochelys + -ia.]" A subfamily of 
turtles (the stinkpots), typified by the genus 
Aromochelys, referred by Gray to his family Che- 
lydradai. They have a cruciform plastron of 11 
shields, of which the gular pair is united and 
linear. A. odorata is the common stinkpot of 
the United States. 
Aromochelys (ar-o-mok'e-lis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
apufia, in mod. sense ' sweet smell,' + x&vf, a 
tortoise.] A genus of terrapins, including the 
stinkpot of North America, A. odorata, typical 
of the subfamily Aroniochelyina. 
arondie, arondy, a. Variants of arrondi. 
Aronhold's theorems. See theorem. 
aroomt, prep. phr. as adv. or a. [< ME. aroum, 
a rounie, on rum : a, on, E. 3 , to or at ; roiim, 
rum, space, E. room: see a 3 and room.] To or 
at a distance ; abroad ; apart. 
I aroume was in the felde. 
Chaucer, House of Fame, 1. 540. 
aroph (ar'of), n. [Said to be < ML. aro(ma) 
ph(ilosophorum), aroma of the philosophers.] 
1. A name formerly given to saffron. 2. A 
chemical preparation concocted by Paracelsus, 
used as a remedy for urinary calculus. 
arose (a-roz'). Preterit of arise. 
a rotelle (a ro-tel'le). [It. : a (< L. ad), to, 
with ; rotelki, pi. of rotella, a small wheel, disk, 
dim. of rota, a wheel: see rote.] With disks, 
rondels, or rosettes : used in works on decora- 
tive art in describing objects so ornamented : 
as, "an amphora with handles a rotelle " (Birch), 
that is, having handles which, rising above the 
lip of the vase, form a circular ornament, often 
filled with a mask. 
around (a-round'), prep. phr. as adv. and prep. 
[ME. around, aronde, a round; < a 3 + round?, 
n. Hence by apheresis round 2 , adv. and prep.] 
1. adv. 1. In a circle or sphere; round about; 
on every side : as, a dense mist lay around. 
The gods of greater nations dwell around, 
And on the right and left the palace l>ound. 
Drtjden, tr. of Ovid's Metamorph., i. 223. 
And naught above, below, around, 
Of life or death, of sight or sound. 
Whittier, New-England Legend. 
2. From place to place ; here and there ; about: 
as, to travel around from city to city. [U. S.J 
3. About; near: as, he waited around till 
the fight was over. [U. S.] 
II. prep. 1. About; on all sides; encircling; 
encompassing. 
A lambent flame arose, which gently spread 
Around his brows. Dryden, ^Eneid. 
Around us ever lies the enchanted land, 
In marvels rich to thine own sons displayed. 
Jones Very, Poems, p. 52. 
