arrow-stone 
arrow-Stone (ar'6-ston), . A belemnite. 
arrow-tie (ar'6-ti), n. [< arrow (in allusion to 
the shape of the fastening) + tie.'} A tie of 
hoop-iron used in baling cotton. 
arrow-wood (ar'6-wud), . A name given in 
the United States to several species of shrubs 
or small trees used by the Indians for making 
their arrows, as Viburnum- dentatum and V. 
acerifolium, Jiuonymus atropnrpnreus, Cornus 
Jlorida, and in the western territories Tcssaria 
oorealis. See cut under Cor nits. 
arrow-worm (ar'6-werm), n. An animal of the 
genus Sagitta (which see). 
arrowy (ar'6-i), a. [< arrow + -;/ 1 .] Resem- 
bling an arrow or arrows, as in shape or in ra- 
pidity and directness of motion. 
Iron sleet of arrow/f shower 
Hurtles in the darkened air. Gray, Fatal Sisters. 
The lambent homage of his arrowy tongue. 
Cowper, Task, vi. 782. 
The carrier-bird released 
Points to one cherished spot liis arroimj flight. 
J. Baillie. 
arroyo (a-roi'6), n. [Sp., OSp. arrogio, = Pg. 
arroio, < ML. arrogium; cf. ML. rogium, ro- 
gia, a stream for irrigation (Diez) ; origin un- 
known.] A watercourse; a rivulet. [South- 
western United States.] Also arrollo. 
Down the arroyo, out across the mead, 
By heath and hollow, sped the Hying maid. 
Bret Harte. 
Arsacid, Arsacidan (ar-sas'id, -i-dan), a. Of 
or pertaining to the Arsacidte, rulers of Parthia 
from about 250 B. c., and afterward of the Par- 
thian empire (see Parthian), till A. D. 226. The 
Arsacid dynasty was founded by a chief named Arsaces, 
who revolted from Antiochus II. of Syria ; and all his suc- 
cessors, about thirty, added his name to their own. A 
branch of the Arsacida: reigned in Armenia from about 
149 B. 0. to A. D. 428. 
arschin, See arshin. 
arse (ars), n. [< ME. ars, ers, < AS. ears, <ers 
= OFries. ers = D. oars, naars = OHG. MHG. 
ars, G. arsch = Icel. ars, also rass = Sw. ars = 
Dan. ars, arts = Gr. 6p/>oc for "4/xrof, the rump.] 
The buttocks or hind part of an animal. [Now 
only in vulgar use.] 
arse-fOOtt (ars'fut), n. [< arse + foot, from 
the position of the feet in birds of the grebe 
family, which seem to be inserted opposite the 
anus. Once used by writers of repute, as by 
Willughby and Kay, 1678.] An early British 
name of the great crested grebe, Podiceps or 
Podicipes cristatits, and of other birds of the 
same genus. Also spelled arsfoot. 
arsenal (ar'se-nal), n. [Early mod. E. also ar- 
cenal, arsinal, arcinal, arzenale, archinale, etc., 
from It. and F. ; cf . F. arsenal, formerly arce- 
nal = It. arsenale, arzenale, arzanale = Sp. Pg. 
arsenal (MGr. apoj/vd'Aqf), with suffix -al, -ale, a 
simpler form appearing in ML. arsena, It. ar- 
zena, arzana, F. (16th cent.) arsena, arsenac, 
arsenal, dockyard ; cf . It. darsena, dial, tirzana = 
Sp. ddrsena = Pg. taracena, tarazena, tercena = 
F. darse, darsine, a dock; also Sp. atarazana, 
also atarazanal, an arsenal, rope-walk, dock- 
yard; < Ar. ddr-ay-qina'ah, lit. house of construc- 
tion,^ ddr, house, 4- al, the, + gind'ah, art, trade, 
industry, < gana'a, make, fabricate.] 1. A re- 
pository or magazine of arms and military 
stores of all kinds, whether for land or naval 
service. 2. A public establishment where 
naval and military engines or warlike equip- 
ments are manufactured. Hence 3. Figura- 
tively, a repository of any kind of equipment. 
We can find no weapon in the whole rich arsenal of 
Comparative Anatomy which defends the truth of the 
Theory of Descent more powerfully than the comparison 
of the internal skeletons of the various Vertebrates. 
Haeckd, Evol. of Man (trans.), II. 276. 
arsenate, n. See arseniate. 
Arsenian (ar-se'ni-an), n. One of a party in 
the Greek Church, in the thirteenth century, 
named from its leader Arsenius, patriarch of 
Constantinople, who excommunicated the em- 
peror Michael Palaeologus for putting out the 
eyes of John Lascaris, a minor and heir to the 
throne. The banishment of Arsenius, the appointment 
of a new patriarch, and the conforming of the emperor to 
the Latin Church at the second council of Lyons gave rise 
to a schism between the patriarchates of Constantinople 
and Alexandria which continued more than half a century. 
arseniasis (ar-se-m'a-sis), n. [NL., < arsen(i- 
cum) + -iasis.} \npathol., the morbid state pro- 
duced by the use of arsenic. Also called arseni- 
cism. 
arseniate, arsenate (ar-se'ni-at, ar'se-nat), n. 
[< arsen(ic) + -i-ate.} A salt formed by the 
combination of arsenic acid with any base. 
arsenic (as a noun, ar'se-nik; as an adjective, 
ar-sen'ik), n. and a. [Early mod. E. also arse- 
322 
nick, arsnicJc, < ME. arsenik, arsnek, < OF. arse- 
nic, mod. F. arsenic = Sp. arsenieo = Pg. It. arse- 
nieo, < L. arsenicnm, arrenicmn, arrhenicum, < Gi. 
apoevMde, yellow arsenic, orpiment, lit. 'mascu- 
line,' being neut. of apo-m/coc, appevutAf, mascu- 
line/ apnrjv, tippr/u, male, also strong, = Zend ar- 
sJian, a man, male. The name is said to refer 
to the powerful qualities of 
arson 
arseniferous (ar-se-nif'e-rus), a. [< arsen(ic) 
+ -i-ferous.} Bearing or containing arsenic: 
as, arseniferous substances; arseniferous zinc. 
arsenillo (ar-se-nil'6), n. [A quasi-Sp. form, < 
arsenieo, arsenic, + dim. -illo.} The commercial 
name of a granular form of atacamite from Chili. 
arsenious (ar-se'ni-us),. [<arsen(ic) + -i-ous.} 
Pertaining to or containing arsenic. Arsenious 
senic; the trisulphid of the element to 
it has given its name ; orpiment. [The origi- 
nal use.] 2. Chemical symbol, As; atom- 
ic weight, 75. A chemical element having a 
grayish-white color, a metallic luster, and a 
specific gravity of 5.727. Under ordinary pressure it 
does not melt, but at 356 F. it passes from the solid state 
into vapor of a lemon-yellow color. It tarnishes rapidly 
in moist air at ordinary temperature, and heated in air is 
oxidized to arsenic trioxid, As 2 3 . Arsenic occurs in nature 
nncombined but much more commonly in combination. 
The chief ores are the two sulphids, realgar (As 2 S 2 ) and 
orpiment (AsoS-j), arsenical pyrites or mispickel (FeSAs), 
and arsenides of iron, nickel, and cobalt. Most of the 
arsenic of commerce is prepared in Bohemia and Saxony 
or in England. Arsenic itself is little used in the arts. Its 
salts, however, have great commercial importance. With 
oxygen arsenic forms two compounds, the more important 
of which is arsenic trioxid (As 2 O 3 ), a violent poison, the 
ratsbane, white arsenic, or simple arsenic of the shops. It 
is prepared by a process of sublimation from arsenical 
ores, and is sold as a white crystalline powder or in glassy 
translucent masses, which are odorless, nearly tasteless, 
and slightly soluble in water. The most reliable antidote 
is freshly prepared hydrated sesquipxid of iron, which 
should be given in considerable quantity after the stomach 
has been freed from the poison as completely as possible by 
an emetic given witli bland liquids, such as milk, flour and 
water, or white of egg and water, which serve to envelop 
the poison and effect its complete ejection from the stom- 
ach. In the absence of hydrated sesquioxid of iron, large 
quantities of a paste made of chalk or magnesia and cas- 
tor-oil may be used. Arsenic trioxid is used in medicine, 
especially in the treatment of certain nervous and skin 
diseases, and in the arts as the basis for preparing arseni- 
cal salts and certain pigments, and largely in the manu- 
facture of glass. Arsenic has two oxygen acids, whose 
salts are the arseniates and arsenites. Free arsenious acid 
is not known. Arsenic acid occurs in commerce as a thick 
acid liquid, and is largely used in the manufacture of ani- 
line red, and sodium arseniate is much used in calico- 
printing. Arsenic disulphid (As 2 S 2 ) occurs native as re- 
algar (see realgar), and is made artificially under the name 
of ruby sulphur. Both the native and the artificially pre- 
pared sulphids are used as pigments, as is also arsenic tri- 
sulphid (AaoSs), or orpiment, also called king's yellow. 
3. The popular name of arsenic trioxid (As 2 O 3 ), 
the preparation of arsenic usually retailed in 
trade. See above. 
II. a. Containing arsenic ; specifically, con- 
taining arsenic in smaller proportion than 
arsenious compounds. See arsenious Arsenic 
acid (H 3 AsO 4 ), an acid formed from arsenic oxid. Ar- 
senic oxid, arsenic pentoxld (AsjOs), a compound of 
oxygen and arsenic having a larger proportion of oxygen 
than of arsenious oxid. Often improperly called arsenic 
acid. 
arsenical (ar-sen'i-kal), a. [= F. arsenical; < 
arsenic + -al.} Of or pertaining to arsenic; 
containing arsenic Arsenical antimony. See al- 
lemontite. Arsenical minerals, a family or class of min- 
erals in which arsenic acts the part of the electronegative 
element. Arsenical pyrites. See arsenopyrite and 161- 
lingite. Arsenical silver, an ore of silver containing 
arsenic. 
arsenicalize (ar-sen'i-kal-iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
arsenicalized, ppr. arsenicalizing. [< arsenical 
+ -ize.} To give an arsenical character to; 
treat with arsenic ; arsenicate. 
The preceding [pitch] arsenicalized. 
Sci. Amer. Supp., XXII. 8803. 
arsenicate (ar-sen'i-kat), 10. t. ; pret. and pp. 
arsenicated, ppr. arsenicating. [< arsenic + 
-ate' 2 .'} To combine with arsenic; treat with 
arsenic. Also arsenicize, arsenicise. 
arsenic-black (ar'se-nik-blak), . The name 
given in commerce to a mixture of powdered 
arsenic, charcoal, iron-filings, and lime. 
arsenic-furnace (ar'se-nik-fer"nas), n. A fur- 
nace for decomposing arsenical pyrites by heat 
and condensing the fumes : used in the manu- 
facture of white arsenic. 
arsenic-glass (ar'se-nik-glas), n. Glass color- 
ed with arsenic. It is usually semi-opaque, and 
of an opaline-white color. 
arsenicise, v. t. Same as arsenicate. 
arsenicism (iir-sen'i-sizm), n. [< arsenic + 
-ism.} Same as arseniasis. 
arsenicize (ar-sen'i-slz), v. t.; pret. and pp. 
arsenicized, ppr. arsenicizing. [< arsenic + -ize.} 
Same as arsenicate : as, " arsenicising agents." 
Ure, Diet., I. 265. Also spelled arsenicise. 
arsenicophagy (ar-sen-i-kof'a-ji), n. [< Gr. 
apaeviKov, for mod. arsenic, + -ifiayia, < tfiayelv, eat.] 
The practice of eating arsenic- 
arsenide (ar'se-nid or -nid), n. [< arsen(ic) + 
-ide 2 .} A compound of arsenic and a metallic 
base. Also called arseniuret, arsenuret. 
oxyen and arsenic having a smaller proportion of oxygen 
than arsenic oxid. Also called white arsenic, and often 
improperly arsenious acid. See arsenic. 
arsenite (to'se-nlt), n. [< arsen(ic) + -ite?.} A 
salt formed by the union of arsenious oxid with 
a base. 
arseniuret, arsenuret (ar-se-nl'u-ret, ar-sen'- 
u-ret), n. [< arsen(ic) + -uret.} Same as arse- 
nide. 
arseniureted, arseniuretted (ar-se-ni'u-ret- 
ed), a. [< arseniuret + -ed 2 .} Combined with 
arsenic so as to form an arseniuret. Arseniu- 
reted hydrogen (AsH 3 ), also called arsine, a gas gener- 
ated by fusing arsenic with its own weight of granulated 
zinc, and decomposing the alloy with strong hydrochloric 
acid. It is colorless, has a fetid odor like that of garlic, 
and is exceedingly poisonous when breathed. The hydro- 
gen of this compound may be replaced wholly or ill part 
by organic radicals forming bodies analogous to amines 
and phosphines, as trimethyl arsine, (CH :i )3.As. 
arsenoblast (ar-sen'o-blast), n. [< Gr. apatro, 
male, + ft'Aaarof, germ.] In biol., the female 
element of the bisexual nucleus of a cell; a 
feminonucleus. Byatt, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. 
Hist., 1884, p. 147. 
arsenolite (ar-sen'o-lit), . [< ursen(ic) + -lite.} 
Native arsenic trioxid, crystallizing in isomet- 
ric octahedrons. 
arsenopyrite (ar"se-n6-pi'rit), . [< arsen(ic) + 
pyrite.} Amineralcoiitainingarsenic, sulphur, 
and iron. Its color is tin-white, and it commonly occurs 
in a massive, though sometimes in a crystallized, form. 
The ordinary white arsenic is mostly obtained by roasting 
this ore. It is common in Cornwall, Saxony, and Silesia, 
and is also found in Canada. Also called arsenical jyyrites 
and mispickel. 
arsenuret, n. See arsenide. 
arse-smart (ars'smart), n. [< arse + smart, n. 
See smartweed.} A plant, Polygonum Hydro- 
piper, also called smartweed (which see). 
arsfoott, . See arse-foot. 
ar sheen, . See arshin. 
arshin, arshine (ar-shen'), [Also spelled 
arsheen, Russ. arshinu, Bulg. Serv. arshin, repr. 
Turk. Pers. arshin; of Tatar origin.] A mea- 
sure of length in Turkey and Persia, and for- 
merly in Russia. The Turkish arshin was equal to 
70.865 centimeters, but the name is now given in Constanti- 
nople to the meter(100 centimeters = 39.37 inches), through 
the influence of the Persian arshin of 104 centimeters. The 
Russian arshin was equal to 71.119 centimeters, or about 
28 inches. 
arsine (ar'sin), i. [< ars(enic) + -ine'*.} Arse- 
niureted hydrogen (which see, under arsenin- 
reted). 
arsis (ar'sis), . [L., < Gr. apmf, a raising, ele- 
vation, < aipetv, raise, lift up.] 1. In pros. : (a) 
Originally, the metrically unaccented part of a 
foot, as opposed to the thesis or part which re- 
ceives the ictus or metrical stress. (6) In prev- 
alent modern usage, that part of a foot which 
bears the ictus or metrical accent, as opposed 
to the metrically unaccented part, called the 
thesis. According to the original Greek usage, arsis de- 
noted the raising of the foot in dancing, or of the hand in 
beating time, and therefore the unaccented part of the 
metrical foot, and thesis the fall of the foot or of the 
hand in dancing or beating time, and therefore the ac- 
cented part of the prosodial foot. Latin writers show 
great confusion in the application of these terms, some- 
times employing them in conformity with Greek usage, 
sometimes interchanging their meaning, sometimes assign- 
ing still other meanings to them. Some modern writers 
have employed them with their original Greek significa 
tions, as given above under (a) ; but the meanings given 
under (6), and believed to be supported by the Latin writ- 
ers, are those generally adopted at the present time. 
2. In physiol. acoustics, a periodical increase in 
the intensity of a sound, producing a rhythmical 
effect. 
arsmetrikt, >< A Middle English form of arith- 
metic. Chaucer. 
arson 1 (ar'son), -ii. [< OF. arson, arsoun, arsun 
(as if < L. *arsio, *arsion-), a burning, < order, 
ardoir (pp. ars), burn, < L. ardere (pp. arsus), 
burn: see ardent.^ In tow, the malicious burn- 
ing of a dwelling-house or outhouse of another. 
By the common law it is a felony, and if any person be in 
the building at the moment of firing it is a capital offense. 
By statutes the definition has been extended so as to in- 
clude the burning of other property besides that above 
specified, or of one's own property. In Scotland called 
icilful fire-raising. 
arsbn^t (ar'son), n. [< ME. arsoun, arsun, < OF. 
arcun, arzon','archon, mod. F. argon = Sp. arzon 
= Pg. arcffo = It. areione, < ML. arcio(n-), also 
