ascribe 
ascribe (as-krib'), r. t. ; pret. and pp. ascribed, ascyphous (as'i-fns), a. 
ppr. ascribing. [Altered to ascribe (after L.) [< Gr. nme0r, without a 
from early mod. K. axcrin-. < MK. axcrirm, < cii]i, < - priv. 4- raj 
OF. ascrire (axcriv-) = It. ascrivere, < L. axcn- enp.] In tot,, having no 
here, annex by writing, add to a writing, enroll, scynlii : applied to lichens 
enter in n list, impute, attribute, < ml, to, + without cup-shaped bod- 
xcriberi; write: see xi-rilx:] If. To add ill writ- ies (seyplii) hearing the 
ing; append (one's name) to a document, etc.; organs of fructification, 
subscribe, as-ducat (as'.lnk at), . 
have snhstraeted All old German unit of 
weight, used in Saxony, 
equal to ").'J7"i eenti- 
2f. To inscrilie or dedicate. 
Theseeound plllor called hot -iei;. h.ing <(.,.-./ <! to I lei 
Thi OKrlbing of mi name would 
oil) . . . the weight of tlliiM' di.se.,uis, - 
SethenoU, Self* i , p. . (-V. K. ".) 
grams, or five sixths of a 
troy grain. 
cules. W' "'>'. Archil. ."'"ij. b. (.V. K. l>.1 asea (a-se'), /in/:, phr. as 
3t. To enroll or register. ndr. "[< " :l + "<" <'f- 
Hew. .uhlloiigsinec have been .',/'.,/ a member there. lllfinili. \ At sea: on the 
Aiiiir.-ii. in Letters ..r Dmin. i'i is. i Kliss), il. IM. i.v. K. 1>.) soa ; to the sea. 
4. 
or source ', M^^I^H -" " " ' . 
tobe-Or&Srt nee. &%?& 
To attribute, impute, or refer, as to a cause aseel (;i-seT). . [K. Ind.J 
source: assign; set, low,,; as. looses,,, (ten ^.T^."" 
be Monbtd to Improdenee. 
This Speech is. I think, the finest that is n,,r,-,/,,W to 
Satan in the whole I'oem. Aililixun. Spectator, No. :l. 
Ascl. 
./. Section t Prxixa 
But many iitrin'icnis proceedings must, doubtless, tic 
rrih'd to heated inmu'iimtinn. to perverted |)i-ini'i|ile, t<) a 
distaste for what was vulgar in morals, and a passion for 
what was startling and duhinus. Mnrnnlnii, On BMatf, 
5. To attribute, as a quality or au appurte- 
nance ; consider or allege to belong. 
I. . will merit*' righteousness t" my Maker. 
.liil, xvxvi. :; 
They have <m-nfc,./ until liaviil ten thousands, and t<> 
me they huve ntrrilinl lint thiitisands. 1 Sam. xvlli. 8. 
= Syn. Attribute. Ili-.rn; rti . See iillrHnil,: 
ascriptt (as'kript), . [< L. awipttm, adscripts, 
pp. of (ixcrilii-re, adscribere, annex by writing: 
see ascribe, adscript.'] Registered; enrolled. 
ascription (as-krip'shon), . [< L. OMlipifof*-), 
an addition in writing" lit. the act of ascribing, 
<ascribere, pp. ancriptiis, add to a writing: see 
ascribe.] 1 . The act of ascribing, imputing, or 
affirming to belong, to be due, etc. 
Self -abnegations often repeated imply on the part of the 
actoi -atiieit iw/'i'/i/i'iiH of relative selfishness to others who 
profit by the self-abnegations. 
//. Xp,w,r, Data of Ethics, * ,. 
2. An expression ascribing; words in which 
one ascribes. 
_, _ can- 
TtxMla, niiiKiiit'cd - * tissue 
nf the fungus. siirniuciiliu< l-\ 
n . ui.trijin : ?) the hyiii'-iinin 
It , wtiit !i I'liiiuns the iisci. 
fi, A group of asci '-/ . 
highly magnified ; ift, sulv 
the hyinenial layer of bynte. 
( From Sachs's " Lehrmich 
<ler Botantk." I 
teemed iu the I'.ast Indies for 
aseismatic (a-sis-mat'ik). 
a. [< - ls + seismatic.] 
Not seismatic ; free from 
shock; mitigating 
effects of earthquake- 
shocks : applied to certain 
contrivances designed to secure stability, as of 
lighthouses and other structures during earth- 
quakes: as, axeismatic joints; axrixiiHifir tables. 
aseity (a-se'i-ti), n. [= F. nseite, < ML. aseitax, 
the state of being of one's self, independent ex- 
istence, < L. a se, of one's self: a for ah, of. 
from; se, self: see xc.] The mode of being of 
that which is underived from anything else; 
independent existence ; existence by self -origi- 
nation. 
By what mysterious light have you discovered that /<*.- 
itv is entail'd on matter? 
Gentleman Inxtnicted (ed. 1732), p. 42S. 
The alraolute being and aseity of (.ml. W. R. Siultli. 
n. Plural of Axellus, 1. 
(a-sel'id), n. An isopod of the family 
Asellidae (a-sel'i-de), H. pi. [NL., < 
-idtf.] A family of isopodous crustaceans, of 
which the genus Asellus is the type. It also con- 
tains the genus Litnnvria, of which the species L. ter<'- 
bran*, the gribble, is destructive to submerged wood. 
other genera are Icera and Munna. Its various forms 
inhabit both fresh and salt water. 
Asellota (as-e-16'ta), n. pJ. [NL., < Asellus + 
-utii.] A synonym of Asellida'. 
Asellus (a-sel'us), n. [L., dim. of axinux, an 
ass: see a** 1 .] 1. [PI. Aselli (-i).] A name 
given to each of the two stars y and i? Cancri, 
lying east of the quadrangle of that constel- 
lation. 2. [NL.] The typical genus of the 
family Asellidai. A. aquations, the water hog- 
louse, is a common form in fresh water. 
aseniia (a-se'mi-a), . [NL., < Gr. aariuoi;, hav- 
ing or giving no sign, < a- priv. + oij/ia, a sign.] 
In pathol., the loss of the power of forming or 
understanding any sign or symbol of thought, 
whether spoken, written, or acted. Also called 
- - asumbolia. 
trans. 1. To call forth or out; call upon; as ep 8 i s (a-sep'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. a- priv. + 
challenge. 2. To descry. of/ibis, putrefaction.] Absence of living germs 
II. hitraiis. To cry out, shout, or exclaim. of disease, putrefaction, or fermentation, 
ascryt,". [<*cry, .] Outcry; clamor; shout- asep t a (a-sep'tft), . pi. [NL., neut. pi. of 
iiw " aseptus, < Gr. aen/irrof, not liable to decay: see 
aseptic.] 
Offering up the tumptioiu justly due to Him for such 
singular deliverances and blessings. 
Lincoln, In Raymond, p. 391. 
Also rarely adscription. 
ascriptitioui (as-krip-tish'us), a. [< L. aserip- 
tichitt, enrolled as a citizen, soldier, etc. (ascrip- 
ticii serri, slaves bound to the soil), < ancriptux, 
pp. of ascribere, enroll: see ascribe, ascript.] 
1. Bound or attached to the soil: applied to 
villeins under the feudal system, who were an- 
nexed to the freehold and transferable with it. 
2. Added, as to a list; enrolled. 
An ascriptitious and supernumerary god. 
Farindon, Sermons, p. H'2. 
Also rarely adscriptitious. 
ascryt, < [Early mod. E., < ME. ascrien, ascryeti, 
nxkryen, < AF. "aserier (later ME. escrien, < OF. 
escrier, mod. F. Verier), < es- (< L. ex), out, + 
crier, cry. Cf. escry, and by apheresis scry, 
doublet 'of asery: see <w- 3 , es- 1 , and cry.] I. 
Atcrji aros at skannyssh al withoute. 
Chaucer, Troilus, ii. Oil. 
ascula (as'ku-la), . ; pi. asculai (-le). [NL., 
dim. of asciui.] " 1. That stage of the young of 
sponges (as Olynthus, Sycdn, Haliphysema) in 
which, after ceasing to be a free-swimming 
embryo, and before it has changed into adult 
form by the development of spiculas in the 
ectoderm, or other modifications, it becomes 
attached to some support. Haeckel. 2. The 
first period of attachment of certain sponges, 
namely, that in which the sponge has lost or is 
losing its collar, opening the primitive cloacal 
collar, and forming the first central cavity with- 
Things not liable to putrefy, 
aseptic (a-sep'tik), a. [< Gr. aar/TTTOf, not liable 
to decay, < a- priv. + OT/T'OC, septic : see septic .] 
Free from the living germs of disease, fermen- 
tis'i-ti), n. [< aseptic + -ity.] 
quality of being aseptic. 
These are absence of damp soil, aiepticitii of the air, 
anil dryness of the atmosphere. Med. Xeiff, XLVII. 
asepticize (a-sep'ti-siz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
asepticized, ppr. asc/>ticiri>tg. [< aseptic + -ire.] 
To render free from living germs of disease, 
fermentation, or putrefaction. 
out lateral ampullte. It corresponds to the pro- asexual (a-sek'gu-al), a. [< Gr. a- priv. 
tospungian stage of Haeckel. Hi/tttt. 
ascus (as'kus), n. ; pi. n.wi (as'i). [NL., < Gr. 
ii<T)C, a leathern bag. bottle, bladder, wine-skin : 
see AKcitlium. .Ixcidin. etc.] 1. In bot., the 
spore-case of lichens and ascomycetous fungi, 
consisting of a single cell, usually the swollen 
terminal cell of a branch of a hypha, from the 
protoplasm of which the spores (typically 8) are 
produced. Also called ascirliitm and ttieca. 2. 
In in-i i li<riiL, same as 
, . 
+ serual.] 1. Not sexual; not sexed; having 
no sex, as a species or other group of animals 
which have no sexual system or organs. 2. 
Neuter; being of neither sex, as some indi- 
viduals of species in which other individuals 
are male or female, or as some stages in the 
growth of individuals which later develop into 
male or female. 3. Effected or produced by 
other than sexual processes ; agamic ; aganio- 
as. nxi'j-Hfil reproduction. 
ash 
Little colonies of these parasites, the Cuninre, ultimately 
develop into meiliis;e Hen i- an '<" ' ""/ multiplication, 
hut no true alternation of generation. Helena, \ II. '264a. 
Asexual reproduction, any proeessof propa^alinn th;it 
is not efteeteil by means of sexual organs, as. In '.f., In 
many of the cryptogams, by cell-di\ isiou, ete., ami i 
uerou'ams when propaL-atiou is ranieil mi K\ hints, ,,ll 
^1 t.,. hullis, etc. 
asezually (a-sek'sn-al-i). inli'. In an asevnal 
manner; agamieally: agumogenetically. 
Kor what are the ph;eiiomena of A t , lain! 
generally '! An impregnated egg del elops into an asexual 
tonii. \ ; t]\i- ^ii- -nd form or 
forms, II, more- or less different fr A. H may multiply 
mtwinlhi again; in the simphr ea-- --. howeiei, it does 
not. but. aei|iiiring sexual ebaraeters. prodn 
nated eggs from whenee A oiu-4- IMIH- 
//./././, I .11 Serniiitls. !' 
Asgard (as'gard), //. [< ]<->-\.tix<l<iritln; < nxx, :i 
god. + /"''""'. an inclo.siire. K. //;</-: see J*, 
i/urtli^. and jinnf-.] In Snrxi- mi/Hi., the abode 
of the twelve gods and twenty-six goddesses, 
and of heroes slain in battle, formed of the ajfC 
brows of the giant Ymcr. In the midst of Asgard 
were the plain of Ida (Idavollr), where the gods a 
hied ill << il and ndins thr (Illidskjalf). The 
several gods and goddesses bad their own dwellings, and 
Valhalla (Odin's hall). Cladsheim (the special hall of the 
uods), and Vingolf (that of the goddesses) were eorumoti 
meeting-places for them all. Asgard was eoime, t,-il with 
Midgard (the earth) by the bridge liifrost. 
ash 1 (ash), . and a. [< MK. uxt-li. n.-.-li. <//< 
etc., < AS. *< = !). esch = OHQ. a*i: MJI<:. 
acli, m., G. exche. f., = Icel. askr = Dan. Sw. 
uxk = OBulg. ynsika = Lith. uxig, the ash.] I. . 
1. In bot. : (a) The popular name of trees be- 
longing to the genus l-'nuin n.- ( which see). The 
common ash of Europe, F. rxfelxiur, is native through the 
greater part of Europe, northern Africa, and some parts 
of Asia. It is a handsome ornamental tree, and is exe, , il 
Ingly valuable for its timlier, which is close-grained and 
remarkably tough and elastic. It was therefore in early 
times the chief material in the construction of bows and 
spears, and is now largely used wherever these qualities 
are needed. In its younger state the tree is called ground- 
ash, and a variety U well known in cultivation an weep- 
ing-ash. The flowering ash, F. Ornux, Is a small tree of 
southern Europe, sometimes cultivated for ornament. It 
yields a saccharine exudation, which forms the best known 
and most important of the various kinds of manna. In 
the 1'nited States several species of the genus are com- 
monly known under the name, as the black ash, ground- 
ash, or hoop-ash, F. imlm,-ifnUa; the blue ash, F.miaii- 
miniulata ; the green ash, F. riridis; the red ash, P. p"- 
betcent; the water-ash F. ptotycarpa ; and the white 
ash, F. Americana. The last is the most valuable; its 
wood closely resembles that of the European ash. and is 
used for similar purposes, (ft) The name (with some 
adjunct) of various trees or shrubs of other gen- 
era, generally from some resemblance in foliage 
or qualities of the wood to the common asn. 
(See below.) (c) Also, in parts of England, 
the name of some herbaceous plants, chiefly 
umbelliferous, as the ground-ash, or ashweed, 
dZyopodium Podagraria and Angelica sylrestris, 
and the sweet ash, Anthriscns sylrestris. 2. 
The wood of the ash-tree; hence, something 
made of ash, as the shaft of a lance or spear. 
Mv grained axh a hundred times hath broke. 
Shak., Cor., Iv. 5. 
Ash of Jerusalem, an old English name for woad or 
dyers weed, /rafi* tinetnria and Rrneila luteola. Bitter 
ash a West Indian name of the quassia-tree, ricrirna 
ricflm. Cape ash, the Ekeberyia capenti*, a large inelia- 
ceous tree of southern Africa, furnishing valuable timber. 
Poison ash, the poison sumac, Rhit* venenata. Prickly 
ash, :i name given to species of Xanthoijilum (.V. Ameri- 
can um, X. Clava-HermlU. the latter also called sea-a*h).- 
Quaking ash, in Scotland, the aspen. Red ash, of Aus- 
tralia the AipUtania eicelxa, a tall rhamnaceous tree with 
very hard wood. Wild ash, an old English name for the 
mountain-ash. Yellow ash, a leguminous tree of the 
1'nited States, Cladrastit tinctoria. See yellow-wond. (Se 
also hoop-axh, inn\intain-ah, wafer-axh.) 
II. " Pertaining to or like the ash ; made of 
ash. 
ash 2 (ash), n. [E. dial. pi. axen, Sc. as, ass, pi. 
asses; < ME. ash, axhe, asclie, aixchc, egche, asse, 
aslce, axe, pi. ashes, asches, askes, axes, and with 
older term, ashen, ascheu, asJcen, axen, < AS. 
asce, axce, axe, pi. ascan, a-scan, ajcini, mean, = D. 
asch = OHG. asga, asea, MHG. asclie, esche, G. 
axche = Icel. Sw. aska = Dan. axke = Goth. 
azgo, ash.] 1. What remains of a body that 
is burned; the incombustible residue of organic 
substances (animal or vegetable) remaining 
after combustion; in common usage, any in- 
combustible residue of materials used as fuel : 
usually in the plural. As a commercial term, the 
word generally means the ashes of vegetable substances, 
from which are extracted the alkaline matters called pot- 
ash, pearlash, kelp, barilla, etc. 
The ath of tobacco. Donne, Polydoron (1831), p. 142. 
A residue consisting of carbon, or carbon and nA. TJre. 
2. Fine material thrown out of a volcano in 
eruption. It is not, like ordinary ashes, a residuum of 
the combustion of a substance containing carbonaeeous 
mingled with inorganic matter, but is finely pulverized 
lava, derived In part from the actual tearing asunder of 
