arborize 
hnri-cil or moss-agate," H'rii/kt. Also spelled 
Hrhiinxi: 
arborolatry (ar-bo-rol'a-tri), ii. [< L. arbor, ;< 
tree, + Gr. /arpeia, worship.] Tree-worship. 
Keu sprcir* i.i u..r>lii|> have I'ccll more conilnon than 
Ht-ltonitittril. X. lliiirlii, Eastern M-marhisin. p. *J1'. 
arborous (ar'bo-rus), . [</'/w' + -mis.] Con- 
sisting of or pertaining to trees. 
Krom under shady arttfiriiiix roof. 
Miltiiii, I'. I.., v. 187. 
arbor-Vine (ar'bor-vin), . [< ;-6rl + //( . j 
A species of bindweed. The n/miiixli urbor- 
i-iiii of .lainaica is an ornamental species of 
l/lUlllirn, 1. Illlil'roxil. 
arbor-Vitae (iir'bor-vi'te), it. [L., tree of life: 
see iii'liui'l an<l ritill.'] 1. In bn/.. a eoinmon 
name of certain species of Thuja, a genus be- 
longing to the natural order Ciniifrrii: '/'///./ ..<- 
nl, niii/i.* is the American or common arbor-vita-, exten- 
sively planted t-.r oriiauient ami for hi'<l-e-. 
2. In anat., the arborescent or foliaceous ap- 
pearance of a section of the cerebellum of the 
higher vertebrates, due to the arrangement of 
the white and gray nerve-tissue and their con- 
trast in color. See cut under corpux. Arbor- 
vitSB UteriUUS, an arborescent appearance presented hy 
the walls of the ranal of the neck of the human uteriiv In- 
coming indistinct or disappearing after the tirst ^-station. 
arbour, . See arbor*. 
arbrier (iir'bri-er), ii. [OF., also arhrrati, ar- 
lin-t, arbrii-t, < arbn; a tree, beam: see firfcw 1 .] 
The staff or stock of the crossbow. 
arbuscle (iir'bus-1), . [< L. arbiixrula, a little 
tree, dim. of arbor, a tree.] A dwarf tree, in 
si/,e between a shrub and a tree. liradleij. 
arbuscular (iir-bus'ku-lar), a. [< L. arhnneula : 
see <irbiix<-iil<:] Resembling an arbuscule; 
tufted. 
arbuscule (ar-bus'kul), . [< L. arbuncula, a 
little tree : see arbuxch:] In :o<il., a tuft of 
something like an arbuscle, as the tufted braii- 
ehin> of au annelid; a tuft of cilia. 
arbusta, . Plural of arliuxtnui. 
arbustivet (iir-bus'tiv), a. [< L. nrbuxtirux, < 
arbuxtum, a plantation of trees: see arbustiim.'] 
Containing copses of trees or shrubs; covered 
with shrubs ; shrubby. 
arbustum (ar-bus'tum), . ; pi. arbustunu, ar- 
bunta (-tnmz, -ta). [L., < a/root, arbor, a tree: 
see arbor 1 .'] A copse of shrubs or trees; an 
orchard or arboretum. 
arbute (itr'but), n. [Formerly also arbut, < L. 
arbutus: see arbutus.'] The strawberry-tree. 
See arbutus, 3. 
arbutean (ar-bu'te-an), a. [<L. arbuteus, per- 
taining to the arbutus, < arbutus: see arbutus.] 
Pertaining to the arbute or strawberry-tree. 
arbutin (ar'bu- 
t-in), w. [< arbu- 
tus + -t a .] A 
glucoside (04 
Hs2O 14 + H 2 0) ^i^_ \tifr.- "-y 
obtained from ^- W7flLt&& 
the bearberry 
(Arctostaphylox 
Uva-ursi) and 
other plants of 
the heath fami- 
ly. It forms tufts 
of colorless acicular 
crystals soluble in 
water and having a 
hitter taste. 
arbutus (com- 
monly ar-bu'tus; 
as a Latin word, ar'bu-tus), n. [Formerly also 
arbute, arbut = F. arbute = It. arbuto, < L. arbu- 
tus, the wild strawberry-tree ; prob. akin to ar- 
bor, arbos, a tree.] 1 . A plant of the genus Ar- 
butus. 2. The trailing arbutus (see below). 
3. [cap.] A genus of evergreen shrubs or small 
trees of southern Europe and western North 
America, natural order Ericacea;, character- 
ized by a free calyx and a many-seeded berry. 
The European A. Uiiedo is called the strawberry-tree from 
its bright-scarlet berries, and is cultivated for ornament. 
A. Meiaiesii is the picturesque and striking madrono-tree 
of Oregon and California, sometimes reaching a height of 
sofeetor more. Trailing arbutus, the i-:/,f'i,i',i /-, . ; ;,.,,.<. a 
fragrant ericaceous creeper of the 1'nited States, blooming 
in the spring, and also known as May-jloirer (which see). 
arc 1 (ark), M. [Early mod. E. also ark; < ME. 
ark, arke, < OF. (andF.) arc = Pr. arc = Sp. Pg. 
It. area, < L. areus, arquus, a bow, arc, arch, 
akin to AS. earh, "> E. arrow, q. v. Doublet, 
f/rc/i 1 .] 1. In tjeom., any part of 
a curved line, as of a circle, espe- 
cially one which does not include 
a point of inflection or cusp. It is by means of arcs 
of a circle that all angles are measured, the arc being de- 
scribed fn>ni tiie angular point as a center. In the higher 
Strawberry-tree 
291 
mathematics the word >tn- is usi-.l to itenote ;ui> aiiu'ular 
i|iltintity. i-vi-n when greater than a "hole circle H, an 
/< of 7M> . See .nerf.'". 
2. tn antrini., a part of a circle tnvened by 
the sun or other heavenly body ; especially, the 
part passed over by ;i star between its vising 
a ii<l setting. 
Tin- iiri^lite Mtmie 
Tin' '!//, at his artificial day hath ronne 
The fonrthc purl. 
I'liiiim-i; I'nil. to .Man nl l.a '- I ;il' 1 
3. In in-fit., an arch. [Kare.] 
Turn urn "f triumph to ii uarden-ualc. 
I'n/a: M.iml I'.ssays, iv. :l. 
Arc boutant <F.), a Hying inntn -SS. Arc douWeau 
<h'.), in iiv//.. tin- main ril> or arch-hand which cm.-.*-.- a 
vault at right aides ami separates adjoining ha)s fnnii 
IM rh other. Arc formeret (K.), tin- an-h which re- 
ceives the villlltillK 
at the side i.i ;. 
vaulted tiny. Arc 
Ogive (K.). one nf 
tile transvt i 
diagonal ribs u( 
a \anlted bay. 
Complement of 
an arc. srr <'<//* 
jilfmfiit. Con- 
centric arcs, arcs 
which bel.ilm l-i 
circles having the 
same center. -Di- 
urnal arc, the 
apparent arc de- 
scribed hy the sun 
from its rising to 
its getting : some- 
times used ni' stars. 
Elevating arc, 
in 'inn., & tiruss 
scale divided intu 
degrees and frac- 
tions of a degree, 
and fastened to the 
breeeh of heavy 
Kim for the pur- 
|Ke Of M-lll:lt ill- 
the elevation of the 
piece ; or it is 
sometimes fixed 
to the carriage un- 
der the trunnions. 
When secured to 
the gun itself, a 
pointer is attached 
to a ratchet-post in 
the rear of the 
piece, and indi 
1) 
Court of I.i. n-,. Alii. 
Arcs in vaulting, perspective and plan. 
(From ViolleMe.nuc's "Diet, de r Archi- 
tecture.") 
A B. C D, arcs doubleaux ; A D. C fl, 
arcs ogives ; A C, B D, arcs formerets. 
cates zero when the gun is horizontal. Nocturnal arc, 
the arc described by the sun, or other heavenly l>ody, during 
the night. Similar arcs, of unequal circles, arcs which 
contain the same number of degrees, or are the like part 
or parts of their respective circles. Supplemental arcs. 
See supplemental. Voltaic arc, i" fleet., a brilliant band 
of light, having the shape of an arc, formed by the passage 
of a powerful electrical current between two carbon-points. 
Its length varies from a fraction of an inch to two inches, 
or even more, according to the strength of the current. 
Its heat is intense, and on this account it is used for fusing 
very refractory substances. It is also used for illuminat- 
ing purposes. See electric lir/ht, under electric. 
arc 2 t, " Obsolete form of ark 2 . 
area (ar'kii), . [L., a chest, box, safe; in 
eccles. writers, the ark: see ark' 2 .] 1. In the 
early church: (a) A chest for receiving offer- 
ings of money. ( 6) A box or casket in which the 
eucharist was carried, (c) A name given by St. 
Gregory of Tours to an altar composed of three 
marble tablets, one resting horizontally on the 
other two, which 
stand upright on the 
floor. Walcott, Sacred 
Archeeol. 2. [cap.] 
[NL.] A genns of 
asiphonate lamelli- 
branch mollusks, typ- Artshell 
ical of the family Ar- 
cidai (which see) ; the ark-shells proper. 
arcabucero (Sp. pron. ar*ka-bo-tha'r6), . 
r Sp., = tiarquebusier.] A musketeer; a harque- 
lusier. 
Here in front you can see the very dint of the bullet 
Fired point-blauk at my heart by a Spanish arcabiireni. 
Longfellow, Miles Standish, i. 
Arcadae (iir'ka-de), n. pi. See Areidce. 
arcade (iir-kaJ'), . [< F. arcade, < It. arcata 
= Sp. Pg. arcada, < ML. arcata, an arcade, < L. 
areas, are, bow: see arc 1 , arch', .] 1. Prop- 
erly, a series of arches supported on piers or 
pillars. The arcade is used especially as a screen and as 
a support for a wall or roof, hut in all architecture since 
the Roman it is also commonly used as an ornamental 
dressing to a wall. In this form it is known as a blitiil 
arcade or an arcature, and is also called ifaH-nrcailf. 
2. A simple arched opening in a wall. [Rare.] 
3. A vault or vaulted place. [Rare.] 4. 
Specifically, in some cities, a long arched pas- 
sageway ; a covered avenue, especially one that 
is lined with shops. 
arcaded (tir-ka'ded), a. Furnished with an ar- 
cade. 
valve 
arc-cosecant 
Arcadian (ar-ka'di-an), n. and n. [< 1,. .\n-n- 
fliiix,.li-i-iiiliii.<i<r.'\ ! ihin'iiii.] I. n. I. Of or per- 
taining to Ar- 
cadia, a moun- 
tainous district 
of lireeeO in 
the heart of 
the Peloponne- 
sus, or to its in- 
habitants, who 
were a simple 
pastoral peo- 
ple, f lot' mu- 
sic ail'l ilane- 
ing. Hence 
2. Pastoral : 
rustic; simple; 
innocent. 3, 
Pertaining to 
or characteris- 
tic of the Acad- 
emy of the Ar- 
'aciians. an 
Italian poetical 
(now also sci- 
entitle) society 
founded at 
Rome in 1690, 
the aim of the members of which was origi- 
nally to imitate classic simplicity. 
Sometimes written Arcadic. 
H. a. 1. A native or an inhabitant of Arca- 
dia. 2. A member of the Academy of the Ar- 
cadians. See I. 
Arcadianism (ar-ka'di-an-izm), u. [(.Arcadian 
+ -/*).] Rustic or pastoral simplicity, espe- 
cially as affected in literature ; specifically, in 
Italian literature about the end of the seven- 
teenth century, the affectation of classic sim- 
plicity. 
Arcadic (ar-ka'dik), n. [< L. Arcadicus, < Gr. 
'.\l>naAin6s.'] Same as Arcadian. Arcadic poetry, 
pastoral poetry. 
arcana, . Plural of arcanum. 
arcane (ar-kan'), a. [< L. arcanus, hidden, < 
arcere, shut up, area, a chest. Cf. arcanum.'] 
Hidden; secret. [Rare.] 
The luminous genius who had illustrated the demonstra- 
tions of Euclid was penetrating into the arcane caverns of 
the cabalists. /. D'ltratli, Amen, of Lit., II. 294. 
arcanum (ar-ka'num), it.; pi. arcana (-na). 
[L., neut. of arcanus, hidden, closed, secret: 
see arcane.'] 1. A secret; a mystery: gener- 
ally used in the plural : as, the arcana of nature. 
The very Arcanum of pretending Religion in all Wars 
is, That something may be found out in which all men 
may have interest. Selden, Table-Talk, p. 105. 
Inquiries into the arcana of the (Jodhead. Wai-burton. 
The Arabs, with their usual activity, penetrated into 
these arcana of wealth. Pregcott, Ferd. and Isa., i. 8. 
2. In alchemy, a supposed great secret of na- 
ture, which was to be discovered by alchemi- 
cal means; the secret virtue of anything. 
Hence 3. A secret remedy reputed to be very 
efficacious; a marvelous elixir The great ar- 
canum, the supposed art of transmuting metals. 
He told us stories of a Genoese jeweller, who had thr 
ijreate arcanum, and had made projection tefore himsev- 
erall times. Eeelya, Diary, .Jan. 2, 1652. 
arcature (ar'ka-tur), ii. [< ML. "arcatara, < 
arcata: see arcade.] Inarch.; (a) An arcade 
of small dimensions, such as a balustrade, 
formed by a series of little arches. In some me- 
dieval churches open arcatures were introduced l>eneath 
the cornices of the external walls, not only as an ornament, 
but to admit light above the vaulting to the roof-timbers. 
[S 
bu 
Arcature. Cathedral of Peterborough, England. 
(6) A blind arcade, used rather to decorate a 
wall-space, as beneath a row of windows or a cor- 
nice, than to meet a necessity of construction. 
arc-COSecant (ark-ko-se'kant), . In math., an 
angle regarded as a function of its cosecant. 
