atrous 
atrous (a'trus), it. [< L. nter, black, -t- -ovs."] 
Intensely black. [Kare.] 
atry (a-tri'), prep, jilir. as arlr. or a. [Appar. 
< 3 + try: see try-tad,'] \/n/t., with the sails 
so arranged that the bow is kipt to the sea: 
said of a ship in a gale. 
Atrypa (a-tri'pii), . [NL., < Gr. a- priv. + 
Ti>iimt. a hole. J A gen us of linichiopods, typi- 
cal of the family .-ttri/piiltr. Itnlman, 1K28. 
atrypid (a-tri'p'id), n. A brachiopod of the 
family Atr i//>i<ln . 
Atrypidse (u-trip'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Atri/jin 
+ -Ma:'] A family of fossil arthropomatous 
Atrypa reticularil. 
i. Dorsal valve : /, hinge-plate. 2. Ventral valve : a, impresrioru of 
abductor muscles ; c, cardinal muscle ; /, pedicle muscle ; e, ovarian 
sinus ; ft, dettidium. 
brachiopods with the braohial appendages rigid 
and spirally coiled toward the center of the 
shell, and completely supported by spiral la- 
raolloe, the valves generally subovate or tri- 
lobed, the foramen beneath a produced beak 
completed by a deltidium, and the shell-sub- 
stance fibrous and impunctate. 
Atta (at'ft), n. [NL., < L. Atta, a surname for 
persons who walk on the tips of their shoes ; 
of. atta = Gr. arra, a childish word for father, 
used familiarly in addressing an old man. Cf. 
Goth, atta, father.] A genus of hymenopterous 
Texas Red Ant (Atta/trvens). 
a, queen ; b, worker. 
insects, of the suborder Heterogyna and family 
Formicidte, or ants. They have very short palps, and 
the heads of the workers are thick. A. crphalotes Is a 
West Indian species called the visiting ant, and A.ferixns 
is the red ant of Texas. 
attaball, n. See atabal. 
attac, n. See adag. 
attacca (at-tak'kS). [It., impv. of attaccare, 
join, fasten, tie, = F. attacher : see attach and 
attack."] In music, begin ! a direction to pro- 
ceed with a succeeding movement immediately, 
without pause. 
attach (a-tach'), v. [< ME. attachen, atachen 
(only in the legal sense, the lit. sense being of 
mod. adoption), < OF. atacher, atachier, later and 
mod. F. attacher (also without assibilation OF. 
ataqtier, mod. F. attaquer, > E. attack, q. v.) (= 
Pr. attacar = Sp. Pg. atacar = It. attaccare : see 
attacca), fasten, join, lit. tack to, < a- (< L. ad, 
to) + "tac(not found in OF.), Genevese tache = 
Sp. Pg. taclta = It. tacca, < Bret, tacit, a nail, = 
IT. toco, a nail, peg, = Gael, tacaid, a nail, tack, 
etc.: see facfci, and cf . detach.'} I. trans. 1. In 
law, to take by legal authority. (> TO take bodily; 
arrest in person : now applied only to arrest of a person 
by civil process to answer for a contempt of court or dis- 
regard of Its mandate, but formerly to arrests of all kinds : 
with for, also formerly with of. 
There were two or three attached for the same robbery. 
Latimer, 4th Sermon bef. Edw. VI., 1649. 
Of capital treason I attach you both. 
Shak., 2 Hen. IV., Iv. 2. 
0) To take (real or personal property) by legal warrant, 
to be held for the satisfaction of the judgment that may 
be rendered in a suit. See attachment. 
2f. To lay hold of; seize. 
Then, homeward, every man attach the hand 
Of his fair mistress. Shak., L. L L., iv. 3. 
3. To take, seize, or lay hold on, by moral 
force, as by affection or interest; fasten or 
bind by moral influence ; win : as, his kindness 
attached us all to him. 
Songs, garlands, flowers, 
And charming symphonies attach'd the heart 
Of Adam. Milton, P. L., xi. 595. 
4. To tack or fix to ; fasten in any manner, as 
one thing to another, by either natural or arti- 
ficial means; bind; tie; cause to adhere. 
869 
The next group consists of thow Kotifern whli-l 
,.r never ti'f'i'-li them-elve- \i\ the t<d, lint Hwim freely- 
through the water. W. I: MI.T. .s., $ 4M. 
Such temperament* . . . attarh themselves, like l.ai 
nadcM, to what em* permanent. 
/."".//, Fireside Travels, p. *;7. 
5. Figuratively, to connect; associate: as, to 
nttiii-li a particular significance to a word. 
He nttiirhru very little i]ii|irtjinee to the invention "1 
gunpowder. Mn:;iiiln,i, Maeliiavelh. 
6. To joiu to or with in action or function ; 
connect as an associate or adjunct ; adjoin for 
duty or companionship: as, an officer is at- 
tached to such a ship, regiment, battalion, etc. ; 
our regiment is attached to the 1st brigade ; 
t liis man is attached to my service ; he attm-ln <l 
himself to me for the entire journey.- Attached 
column. In arch., same u engaged column (which see, 
under mlii m n). = gyn. 1. To seize, distrain, distress. 3. 
To win, gain over, engage, charm, endear one's self to, 
captivate. 4. Aitil, Aftx, Annex, eU-. See add. 8. To 
attribute. 
II. in trans. 1. To adhere; pertain, as a qual- 
ity or circumstance; belong or be incident: 
with to. 
The fame of each discovery rightly attach to the mind 
that made the formula which contains all the details, and 
lint to the manufacturers who now make their gain by it. 
Knirnm, Success. 
To the healthful performance of each function of mind 
or body attache* a pleasurable feeling. 
//. Spencer, Social Statics, p. 02. 
2. To be fixed or fastened; rest as an appur- 
tenance : with on or upon. 
Blame attached upon Lord Aberdeen's Cabinet for yield- 
ing. Kinglake, Crimea, I. 491. (If. E. D.) 
3. To come into operation ; take or have effect. 
After the risk [In marine insurance) has once com- 
menced, the whole premium is earned, even though the 
voyage should not be prosecuted. . . . But if the risk 
should not commence at all, or in technical phrase, If the 
" policy should not attach, " the premium must be returned 
to the assured. Encyc. Brit., XIII. 185. 
attacht (a-tach'), n. [< attach, v.~] 1. An at- 
tachment. 
I am made the unwilling instrument 
Of your attach and apprehension. 
Heywood. Woman Killed with Kindness. 
2. An attack, 
attachable (a-tach'a-bl), a. [< attach + -able."] 
1. Capable of being attached, legally or other- 
wise ; liable to be taken by writ or precept. 
2. Capable of being fastened or conjoined as 
an adjunct or attribute. 
attache (a-ta-sha'), n. [F., prop. pp. of at- 
tacher, attach: see attach.'] One attached to 
another, as a part of his suite or as one of his 
attendants; specifically, one attached to an 
embassy or a legation at a foreign court. 
George Gaunt and I were intimate in early life : ht*vt&s 
my junior when we were attaches at Pumpernickel to- 
gether. Thackeray, Vanity Fair, xlvii. 
attachedly (a-tach'ed-li), adv. With attach- 
ment. [Rare.] 
attachment (a-tach'ment), n. [< ME. attach- 
ment (in sense 1), < attachen, attach ; in other 
senses < F. attachement, < attacher : see attach.'] 
1. The act of attaching ; specifically, in law, a 
taking of the person, goods, or estate by a writ 
or precept in a civil action, to secure a debt or 
demand, or to compel to appear in court, or to 
punish for contempt. In American usage, attach- 
ment, when used in reference to property, means the taking 
of the defendant's property into custody by the law, by a 
summary process from a court, in advance of the trial of 
the merits of the case, as security for the payment of any 
judgment that may be recovered. The grounds of grant- 
ing it are usually evidence of fraud or fraudulent disposal 
of property, or apprehension of absconding, etc. When 
used in reference to the person, It means the taking of 
the person into custody to answer to a charge of contempt 
of court. Foreign attachment is the taking, from the 
hands or control of a third person within the jurisdiction, 
of the money or goods or rights of action of a debtor 
who is not within the jurisdiction. Any person who has 
goods or effects of a debtor Is considered in law as the 
agent, attorney, factor, or trustee of the debtor; and an 
attachment served on such person binds the property in 
his hands to respond to the judgment against the debtor. 
The process of foreign attachment has existed from time 
immemorial in London, Bristol, Exeter, Lancaster, and 
some other towns in England, and by the Common Law 
Procedure Act of 1854 has been made general. It is also 
sometimes known as garnishment, in Scotland as arrest- 
ment. and In New England as tnutee proeem. 
2. The writ or process directing the person or 
estate of a person to be taken, for the purposes 
above stated. 3. The act or state of being 
attached, fastened on, or connected. 4. Close 
adherence or affection ; regard ; any passion or 
affection that binds a person to another person 
or to a thing. 
The attachment of the people to the institutions and the 
laws under which they live is ... at once the strength, 
the glory, and the safety of the land. 
Gladstone, Might of Right, p. 276. 
attagen 
ii well had to determine whether he would put to 
hazard the atturhn" ,,f bis 
aiu.>, . . . to save u prince whom no < ii-a^;, nc nt runld 
Mod. M'luiiilfii/. HUt Due., i. 
Ih. h< i. .litan iitt<i<-!itn>'iii i.f tli. isc kiniis jKn^lish] lay 
In Anjou and Aqultuinc far mlc than in I. upland. .< 
ill Normandy. /.'. J U-cts., p. 159. 
5. That which attaches one thing to another, 
or a person to an objn-t : us, tin- iitlni-liiiifntnot 
a muscle; the uttiirhuirntx of home. 6. That 
which is attached to a principal object ; an ad- 
junct: as, the H'olian nttm -linn/it to tin- piano: 
an iittiirlimi-nt to a sowing-machine. jEolian 
attachment, sc. /;...,.! Court of Attachments. 
Syn. 4. /"<'< '. 6. 
\).],cti.|;i^.'. a]. |.ui tcnanec, addition, 
attachment-screw (a-tach'ment-skro), n. A 
liiniling-screw. 
attack (a-tak'), r. [Formerly also uttm-i/iir, ul- 
iin/ut ; < F. nltiii/uir, OF. ataijuer, unassibilat- 
ed form (perhaps < Pr. attarar or It. attaccare) 
of attacher, join, fasten: see attach.'] I. tnuix. 
1. To assault ; fall upon with force ; assail, as 
with force and arms ; begin hostilities against. 
The strong tribe, In which war has become an art."' 
tack and c.in.picr their neighbors, ami teach them their 
art* ami virtues. L'tni-rnon, War. 
2. To endeavor to injure, overthrow, or bring 
into discredit by any act or proposal, or by un- 
friendly words or writing, whether by satire, 
calumny, criticism, or argument: as, to attack 
a religious belief or a legislative measure; to 
attack a man or his opinions in a newspaper. 
The people's interest U the only object that we have 
any right whatever to consider in deciding the question, 
whether or not the present state of things shall be sub- 
mitted to or attacked. Brougham. 
3. To make an onset or attempt upon, in a gen- 
eral sense ; begin action upon or in regard to ; 
set about or upon : as, to attack a piece of work 
or a problem, or (humorously) the dinner. 
4. To begin to affect ; come or fall upon ; seize : 
said of diseases and other destructive agencies : 
as, yesterday he was attacked by fever; caries 
attacked the bones ; locusts attacked the crops. 
Specifically 5. In diem., to cause to decom- 
pose or dissolve. 
The bodies are of a siliceous character, for they are not 
destroyed by ignition, nor attacked by hydrochloric acid. 
Science, VII. 218. 
=Syn. 1. Set ujjon, Fall upon, etc. (see assail), assault, 
beset, besiege, beleaguer, charge upon, engage, challenge, 
combat. 2. To impugn, criticize, censure. 
II. intrant. To make an attack or onset: 
as, the enemy attacked with great boldness. 
Those that attack generally get the victory. 
<'u in'. Campaigns. 
attack (a-tak'), n. [= F. attaque; from the 
verb.] 1. A falling on with force or violence, 
or with calumny, satire, or criticism; an onset; 
an assault. 
I wish that he [Mr. Sumner) may know the shudder of 
terror which ran through all this community on the first 
tidings of this brutal attack. 
Emerson, Assault upon Sir. Sumner. 
2. Battle generally ; fight. [Rare.] 
Long time in even scale 
The battel hung ; till Satan, . . . 
. . . ranging through the dire attack, . . . 
Saw where the sword of Michael smote, and fell'd 
Squadrons at once. Milton, P. L., vi. 248. 
3. An onset of any kind ; the initial movement 
in any active proceeding or contest, as a game 
of chess, cricket, etc.; in music, specifically, 
the act (with reference to the manner) of be- 
ginning a piece, passage, or phrase, especially 
by an orchestra. 4. The aggressive part of 
the art of fencing : opposed to defense. 
Attackt are made In three ways : first, by a quick 
thrust proceeding merely from the wrist,, the arm at the 
same time being elevated and advanced, with the point 
directed towards the adversary's breast; secondly, by 
what Is technically called an extension ; and lastly, by 
longeing and recovering. Encyc. Brit., IX. 70. 
5. A seizure by a disease ; the onset of a dis- 
ease. Attack of a siege, an assault upon an enemy's 
field or permanent fortifications, by means of parallels, 
galleries, saps, trenches, mines, enfilading-, counter-, or 
breaching-batteries, or by storming parties. To deliver 
an attack. See deliverl. = Syn. 1. Charge, Onslaught, etc. 
attackable (a-tak'a-bl), o. [< attack + -able; 
= F. attaquable.~] Capable of being attacked; 
assailable. 
attacker (a-tak'er), n. One who attacks or 
assaults ; an assailant. 
attagas (at'a-gas), n. [NL., < Gr. arroyof, a 
bird described as of a reddish color and spotted 
on the back ; prob. a kind of partridge. See 
attagfn."] Same as attagen. 
attagen (at'a-jen), n. [L., also attagena, < Gr. 
array?)', also array^f, a bird (appar. different 
from the arrayac), prob. a kind of grouse, the 
francolin, classed with the partridge, pheasant, 
