aura 
He [Rossetti] appreciated to a generous extent the 
poetry of present younger writers, but failed to see in 
nine-tenths of it any of that originality and individual 
aura that characterize work that will stand the stress of 
time. W. Sharp, D. G. Rossetti, p. 35. 
The personal aura which surrounded him [S. Bowles] 
in social intercourse was nowhere more potent than with 
his young men in the office. 
Charles G. Whiting, in Merriam's Life of Bowles, II. 69. 
3. A peculiar sensation resembling that pro- 
duced by a current of air. See epileptic aura, 
below. Electric aura, a supposed electric fluid ema- 
nating from an electrified body, and forming a sort of at- 
mosphere around it. Also called electric atmosphere. 
Epileptic aura (aura epileptica), primarily, a sensation, 
as of a current of air rising from some part of the body to 
the head, preceding an attack of epilepsy ; in a more gen- 
eral sense, any disturbance of consciousness or local mo- 
tor symptoms immediately preceding an epileptic spasm. 
Hysteric aura, a similar sensation preceding an at- 
tack of hysteria. 
aura 2 (a'ra), n. [NL., appar. adapted (with ref. 
to aura 1 ) from a S. Amer. native name. The 
form ouroua is given by Barrere as the native 
name in Guiana.] An old native name of any 
South American vulture excepting the condor ; 
an urubu, tzopilotl, gallinazo, turkey-buzzard, 
or carrion-crow. It was early Latinized in the form 
regina aurarum, was adopted by Linnaeus as the specific 
name of his Vultur aura, and is now used as the specific 
name of the turkey-buzzard, Cathartes aura. See cut 
under Cathartes. 
aural 1 (a'ral), a. [< L. aura (see aura 1 ) + -al.] 
Pertaining" to the air or to an aura. 
aural 2 (a'ral), a. [< L. auris, = E. ear 1 , + -al.] 
I. Relating to the ear: as, the aural orifice; 
aural surgery. 2. Perceived by the ear; 
learned by hearing ; auricular. 
That aural acquaintance with Latin phrases which the 
unlearned might pick up from pulpit quotations con- 
stantly interpreted by the preacher, could help them little 
when they saw written Latin. George Eliot, Romola, Ixiii. 
auramine (a'ra-min), n. [< aurum + amine.] 
A coal-tar color used in dyeing. It is the hydro- 
chlorid of tetra-methyl-diamido-benzo-phenon-imide. It 
yields a pure and brilliant yellow on cotton, wool, and silk. 
aurantia (a-ran'shi-a), n. [NL., < aurantium, 
an orange : see orange.] A coal-tar color used in 
dyeing. It is the ammonium salt of hexa-nitro-diphenyl- 
amine. It produces shades of orange, but is only applied 
to wool and silk. It has been said that this dye has poison- 
ous properties, occasioning skin-eruptions. 
Aurantiacese (a-ran-ti-a'se-e), n. pi. [NL., < 
aurantium, an orange (see orange), + -acea;.] 
See Aurantiece. 
aurantiaceous (a-ran-ti-a'shius), a. [< NL. 
aurantiaceus : see above.] Of or belonging to 
the Aurantiacece. 
Aurantieae (a-ran-ti'e-e), n.pl. [NL., < auran- 
tium (see orange) + -ea;.] A tribe in the natu- 
ral order Rutacea, trees or shrubs, distinguished 
from the rest of the order by their perfect 
flowers and by their fruit, a large berry with 
exalbuminous seeds. It has often been classed as a 
distinct order, the Aurantiacece. There are about a dozen 
genera, indigenous to tropical Asia, of which the most 
familiar are Citrus, yielding the orange, etc.; Limonia, the 
lemon ; and Algle, the bhel-tree. 
aurate 1 (a'rat), a. and n. [< L. auratus, over- 
laid with gold, of gold, pp. of aurare, overlay 
with gold, < aurum, gold: see aurum and -ate 1 .] 
I. a. Resembling gold; gold-colored; gilded. 
[Rare.] 
H. n. 1. A kind of pear. 2. A combination 
of auric acid with a base : as, potassium aurate. 
aurate 2 (a'rat), a. [< L. auris, = E. ear 1 , + 
-ate 1 . Equiv. ioaurited, q.v.] Eared; having 
ears, as the scallop-shell. 
aurated 1 , aurated 2 (a'ra-ted), a. Same as 
aurate 1 , aurate^. 
aur6 (6-ra'), a. [Heraldic F., = aurate 1 .] In 
her., sprinkled with drops or spots of gold. 
Otherwise termed gutte (for. See gutti. 
aureate (a're-at), a. [Early mod. E. aureat, < 
LL. aureatus, adorned with gold, < L. aureus, 
golden, < aurum, gold: see aurum.] Golden; 
gilded ; golden-yellow, as a flower. 
aurei, n. Plural of aureus. 
aureity (a-re'i-ti), n. [< aure-ous + -ity.] The 
peculiar properties of gold ; goldenness. Cole- 
aurelia (a-re'lya), . [NL., < It. aurelia, chrys- 
alis, < aurelia, fern, of aurelio, golden (Florio), 
^__^ < L. "aurelius (only as a 
proper name, Aurelius, 
earlier Auselius. a Ro- 
man family), < aurum, 
gold: see aurum.] If. In 
entom., the nymph, chrys- 
alis, or pupa of a lepi- 
dopterous insect. See 
chrysalis. 2. [cop.] A 
C, genital chamber ; L, pro- genUS of pelagic disCO- 
" 11 " phorous Hydromeduw, 
JL 
Aurelia aurita. 
382 
typical of the family Anreliida', characterized 
by having branched radial vessels and the edge 
of the disk fringed with small tentacles. A. au- 
rita is the type-species, found in European seas, the old 
Medusa aurita of Liunams. A. Jlavidula occurs on the 
coast of North America. The name is synonymous with 
Medusa regarded as a genus and in its most restricted 
sense. 
In the study of the sunnsh (Aurelia) we are able to see 
plainly the prominent differences between jelly-fishes as 
a group and polyps as a group. 
Pop. Set. Mo., July, 1878, p. 318. 
3. The adult state of any medusa, or the per- 
fected stage of a medusiform zooid. 
aurelian (a-re'lyan), a. and n. [< aurelia, 1, + 
-an.] I.f a. In "entom., like or pertaining to 
the aurelia : as, the aurelian form of an insect. 
II. n. An entomologist devoted to the study 
of lepidopterous insects only. 
With the exception of a few Aurelians, as the students 
of Lepidoptera were then [1853] termed. 
J. 0. Westwood, 1883. 
Aureliidae (a-re-li'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Aurelia, 
2, + -idee.] A family of pelagic Discophora, 
containing the genus Aurelia. 
aureola (a-re'o-la), n. [L., fern, of aureolus, of 
gold, dim. of 'aureus, of gold, < aurum, gold: 
see aurum.] 1. In rep- 
resentations of the 
Deity, the Virgin Mary, 
saints, martyrs, etc., a 
radiance or luminous 
cloud emanating from 
and surrounding the 
whole figure. If the fig- 
ure is represented in an erect 
position, the aureola is usu- 
ally oval, or of the form 
known as the vesica piscis 
(fish's bladder) ; if the figure 
is sitting, the aureola often 
approaches a circular form. 
Aureola, nimbus, and glory 
are frequently confounded, 
though technically quite dis- 
tinct. See nimbus and glory. 
There are some poets 
whom we picture to our- 
selves as surrounded with 
aureolas. 
Aureola.- Figure of Christ. Stedman, Viet. Poets, p. 114. 
from tympanum of portal of St. 
Trophime, Aries, France; izth 2. Anything resem- 
bling an aureola. Spe- 
cifically (a) In astron., the ring of light seen around the 
moon in total eclipses of the sun. (b) In meteor., a kind 
of halo surrounding a shadow cast upon a cloud or fog- 
bank or dew-covered grass : often observed by aeronauts 
on the upper surface of clouds. Also called a glory. 
3. In Bom. Cath. theol., a higher reward added 
to the essential bliss of heaven as a recompense 
for a special spiritual victory gained by the 
person to whom it is attributed: as, the au- 
reola of virgins, martyrs, doctors, etc. 
aureole (a're-61), n. [< ME. aureole (cf. F. au- 
reole), < L. aureola : see aureola. Cf. oriole.] A 
luminous emanation or cloud surrounding a 
figure or an object ; an aureola. 
Fair shines the gilded aureole 
In which our highest painters place 
Some living woman's simple face. 
D. G. Rossetti, Jenny. 
And round the grisly fighter's hair the martyr's aureole 
bent ! Whittier, Brown of Ossawatomie. 
When the electric arc is produced between carbons in 
vacuo a beautiful glow is obtained, the negative pole being 
surrounded by a blue aureole, and the positive by a strat- 
ified pale-blue light. A. Daniell, Mn. of Physics, p. 583. 
aureole (a're-61), v. t. ; pret. and pp. aureoled, 
ppr. aureoling. [< aureole, n] To surround or 
invest with an aureole. 
aureolin (a-re'o-lin), n. [< L. aureolus, dim. of 
aureus, golden,' yellow (see aureous), + -in 2 .] 
A trade-name for the pigment cobalt yellow 
(which see, under yellow). 
aureosin (a-re'o-sin), n. [< L. aurum, gold, + 
eosin] A coal-tar color used in dyeing, it is a 
chlorinated fluorcscein (which see). It dyes light-rose 
shades on silk, giving a greenish-yellow reflection. 
aureous (a're-ns), a. [< L. aureus, of gold, gold- 
en, < aurum, gold: see aurum.] Of a golden- 
yellow color. 
aures, . Plural of auris, 1. 
aureus (a're-us), n. ; pi. aurei (-i). [L., prop, 
adj. (sc. Hummus, coin), of gold: see aureous.] 
A Roman 
gold coin 
equivalent 
to 100 ses- 
terces or 25 
denarii, first 
minted in 
the first cen- 
tury B. c., 
j . Aureus of Augustus, British Museum. (Size 
and ISSUed of th? original.) 
auricular 
under the empire till the reign of Constantino 
I., who substituted for it the gold solidus. In 
the time of Augustus the aureus weighed about 120 grains 
and was worth about $5.02. Its weight and standard were 
afterward reduced. 
au revoir (6 re-vwor'). [F. : au (see au 2 ) ; re- 
voir, < L. reviderc, see again, < re-, again, + 
vlderc, see : lit. to the reseeing (inf. used as 
n.).] Until we meet again; good-by for the 
present. 
auri-argentiferous (a"ri-ar-jen-tif'e-rus), a. 
[< L. aurum, gold, + argentum, silver, + ferre = 
E. bear 1 : see aurum and argentiferous.] Bear- 
ing or containing both gold and silver. 
There are found in the lower levels pockets of auri- 
argentiferous ore. L. Hamilton, Mex. Handbook, p. 128. 
auric 1 (a'rik), a. [< L. aurum, gold (see aurum), 
+ -ic.] Of or pertaining to gold Auric oxid, 
or gold trioxid, Au 2 3 , is a blackish-brown powder, the 
highest known oxid of gold. 
auric 2 (a'rik), a. [< aura 1 + -ic.] Of or per- 
taining to the aura ; aural. See aura 1 . 
aurichalc (a'ri-kalk), n. See orichalc. 
aurichalcite (a-ri-kal'sit), n. [< L. aurichal- 
cum (see orichalc) + -ite 2 .] A hydrous carbon- 
ate of copper and zinc occurring in transpar- 
ent verdigris-green to sky-blue needle-shaped 
crystals, also in laminated or granular masses. 
When reduced it yields a gold-colored alloy of copper and 
zinc. Buratite is a variety which was supposed to be 
singular in containing calcium. 
aurichalcuni (a-ri-kal'kum), n. See orichalc. 
auricle (a'ri-kl), n. [< L. auricula, the external 
ear, the ear, dim. of auris = E. ear 1 , q. v.] 1. 
The pinna of the external ear ; that part of the 
organ of hearing which projects from the side 
of the head. See pinna, and cut under ear. 
Also auricula. 2. A chamber or one of the 
chambers of the heart into which the blood 
comes from the veins, and from which it passes 
into the ventricle or one of the ventricles, in 
the mammalian, avian, and reptilian heart there are two 
auricles, the right and the left. The name is sometimes 
used in a more special sense to designate an ear-like por- 
tion or appendage (appendix auriculte) of each of these 
chambers; the remainder is then distinguished as the 
sinus. The right auricle receives venous blood from the 
venie cavre ; the left auricle receives arterial blood from 
the lungs through the pulmonary veins. See cuts under 
heart and lung. 
3. Something, or some part of a thing, like or 
likened to an ear: variously applied, chiefly in 
botany, zoology, and comparative anatomy. 
Specifically (ffl) In entom., an appendage of the plantaof 
certain insects, as bees, (b) In echinoderms, an auricula. 
See auricula, 4. (c) In hot., an ear-shaped or ear-like ap- 
pendage; the inflated lower lobe or appendage of the 
leaves of some Ilepaticte. 
4. An instrument applied to the ears to assist 
in hearing ; a kind of ear-trumpet. 
auricled (a'ri-kld), a. [< auricle + -ed?.] Hav- 
ing ears or auricles ; having appendages resem- 
bling ears; in hot., same as auriculate. 
auricomous (a-rik'o-mus), a. [< L. auricomus, 
with golden hair, <.' aurum, gold, + coma, hair: 
see aurum and coma 2 .] Having golden hair; 
yellow-haired. 
auricula (a-rik'u-lii), w. ; pi. auricula; (-le). [L., 
the external ear, the ear: see auricle.] 1. In 
hot., a garden flower derived from the yellow 
Primula Auricula, found native in the Swiss 
Alps, and sometimes called bear's-ear from the 
shape of its leaves. It has been cultivated for cen- 
turies by florists, who have succeeded in raising from 
seed a great number of beautiful varieties. 
2. Same as auricle, 1. 3. [cap.] [NL.] In 
zool., a genus of phytophagous or plant-eating 
pulmonate gastropods, typical of 
the family Auriculid<e. "A. judce 
and A. mida; are examples. They 
are known as ear-shells. 4. [NL.] 
In echinoderms, one of the perfo- 
rated processes into which the 
ambulacral and sometimes the 
interambulacral plates are pro- 
duced, and which arch over the 
interior of the ambulacra, as in 
the typical echini, or sea-urchins. 
See cut under Echinoidea. 
auricular (a-rik'u-lSr), a. and n. 
[< ML. auricularis,< L. auricula, 
the ear: see auricle.] I. a. 1. Per- 
taining to the ear, or to the auri- 
cle of the ear; aural: as, the auricular nerve. 
2. Used in connection with the ear: as, an 
auricular tube (which see, below). 3. Ad- 
dressed to the ear; privately confided to one's 
ear, especially the ear of a priest : as, auricu- 
lar confession. 4. Recognized or perceived 
by the ear; audible. 
. You shall ... by an auricular assurance have your 
satisfaction. Shak., Lear, i. 2. 
