barbarianize 
barbarianize (bar-ba'ri-an-iz), r. t. ; pret. and 
pp. barbariiniized, ppr. barbiiriftiii-iiii/. To make 
barbarian; barbarize. 
barbaric (bar-bar'ik), a. [< L. barbaricus, < 
Gr. ftapfiaptKoc,, foreign, barbaric, 
barbarous : see barbarous.] It. Foreign. 
The gorgeous east witli richest hand 
Showers on her kings Barbaric pearl and gold. 
MMmi, P. L., n. 4. 
2 Uncivilized; barbarian: as, " barbaric or 
Gothic invaders," T. ll'arton, On Milton's 
Smaller Poems. 3. Of, pertaining to, or 
characteristic of barbarians or their art; 
hence, ornate without being in accordance with 
cultivated taste ; wildly rich or magnificent. 
We are by no means insensible ... to the wild and 
barbaric melody. Macaulay. 
His plans were bold and fiery, and his conceptions 
glowed with barbaric lustre. Poe, Tales, I. S41. 
= Syn. Barbarian, Barbarous, Barbaric. See barbarian. 
barbarically (bar-bar' i-kal-i), adv. In a bar- 
baric manner; after the fashion of barbarians 
or uncivilized persons. 
barbaris (bar'ba-ris), n. In logic, a mnemonic 
name for the syllogistic mood baralipton : used 
by some later nominalists. See wood 2 . 
barbarisation, barbarise. See barbarization, 
barbarize. 
barbarism (bar'ba-rizm). . [= F. barbarismc, 
< L. barbarismus,"< Gr. fiappapiafiof, the use of 
a foreign, or misuse of one's native, tongue, < 
/jap/lapi&iv, speak like a foreigner or barbarian: 
see barbarize.] 1. An offense against purity 
of style or language ; originally, the mixing of 
foreign words and phrases in Latin or Greek; 
448 
Hideous changes have barbariznl France. 
Burke, To a Noble Lord. 
To habitual residents among the Alps this absence of 
social duties and advantages may be barliarising, even 
brutalising. J. A . Symonds, Italy and Greece, p. 301. 
Also spelled barbarise. 
barbarous (biir'ba-rus), . [Earlier barbar, 
q. v. ; < L. barbariis, < Gr. papflapor,, foreign, un- 
civilized: applied orig. to one whose language 
was unintelligible. Cf. Skt. barbara, stammer- 
ing, in pi. foreigners; L. balbus, stammering: 
see balbuties and booby; cf. babble.] 1. For- 
eign; not classical or pure; abounding in bar- 
barbel 
guages which were not Greek or Latin. 
barbarism. 
See 
Long-eared Bat (Barbastellns comntunis). 
barbate (bar'bat), a. [< L. barbatus, bearded, 
A wholly barbarous use of the word. 
Ruskin, Pol. Econ., Art. ix. 
2. Speaking a foreign language ; foreign ; out- 
landish: applied to people. [Archaic.] See 
barbarian, n., 1. 
The island was called Melita. And the barbarous ; people 
with long and weak hairs. 3. In zool., bearded ; 
having a tuft of hair or feathers on the chin ; 
in entom., bordered by long hairs. 
See barbatedt (biir'ba-ted), a. Barbed or bearded ; 
barbate: as, "a dart uncommonly barbated," 
e T. Warton, Hist, of Kiddington, p. 63. 
shewed"us"no little kindness : for they kindled a fire and Barbatula (bar-bat'u-la), n. [NL., fern, of L. 
received us every one. Acts xxviii. l, 2. barbatulus, dim. of barbatus, bearded : see bar- 
bate.] A genus of African scansorial barbets, 
the barbions, of the family Megalcemida; or 
Capitonidce. 
barD-bolt (barb'bolt), n. A bolt whose edges 
are jagged to prevent it from being withdrawn 
from that into which it is driven; a rag-bolt. 
hence, the use of words or f orms not made ac- ans ; adapted to the taste of barbarians ; bar- 
cording to the accepted usages of a language : ' 
limited by some modern writers on rhetoric to 
an offense against the accepted rules of deri- 
vation or inflection, as hisn or hern for Ms or 
her, gooses for geese, goodest for best, pled for 
pleaded, proven for proved. 2. A word or form 
so used; an expression not made in accordance 
with the proper usages of a language. 
The Greeks were the first that branded a foreign term 
3. Characterized by or showing ignorance of 
arts and civilization; uncivilized; rude; wild; 
savage : as, barbarous peoples, nations, or coun- 
tries; barbarous habits or customs. 
Thou art a Roman ; be not barbarous. 
Shak., Tit. And., i. 2. 
What we most require is the actual examination by barbe 1 , n. See oarft 1 . 
trained observers of some barbarous or semi-barbarous barb6 2 t, " Same as bard 2 . 
community, whose Aryan pedigree is reasonably pure. barbe 3 (barb), . [F., It., and Rumonsch barba, 
Maine, Early Law and Custom, p. 233. " 
4. Pertaining to or characteristic of barbari- 
in anv of their writers with the odious name of barbarism. 
O. Campbell. 
A barbarism may be in one word ; a solecism must be 
of more. Johnson. 
3. An uncivilized state or condition ; want of 
civilization; rudeness of life resulting from 
ignorance or want of culture. 
Times of barbarism and ignorance. 
Dryden, tr. of Dufresnoy's Art of Painting, Pref. 
Divers great monarchies have risen from barbarism to 
civility, and fallen again to ruin. 
Sir J. Davies, State of Ireland. 
4f. An act of barbarity ; an outrage. 
A heinous barbarism . . . against the honour of mar- 
riage, Milton. 
= Svn. 1. Barbarism, Solecism, etc. See impropriety. 
barbarity (biir-bar'i-ti), n. ; pi. barbarities (-tiz). 
[< barbarous.] 1. Brutal or inhuman conduct ; 
barbarousness ; savageness; cruelty. 
Another ground of violent outcry against the Indians is 
their barbarity to the vanquished. 
Irving, Sketch-Book, p. 848. 
2. An act of cruelty or inhumanity ; a barba- 
rous deed: as, the barbarities of war or of sav- barbarousness (biir'ba-rus-nes), n. 
baric ; of outlandish character. 
Emetrius, king of Inde, a mighty name, 
On a bay courser, goodly to behold, 
The trappings of his horse emboss'd with barbarous gold. 
Dryden, Pal. and Arc., Hi. 65. 
Pyrrhus, seeing the Romans marshal their army with 
some art and skill, said, with surprise, " These barbarians 
have nothing barbarous in their discipline. " 
Hume, Refinement in the Arts. 
5. Cruel; ferocious; inhuman: as, barbarous 
treatment. 
By their barbarous usage he died within a few days, to 
the grief of all that knew him. Clarendon. 
6. Harsh-sounding, like the speech of barbari- 
ans: as, wild and barbarous music. 
A barbarous noise environs me. Milton, Sonnets, vii. 
= Syn. Barbarian, Barbarous, Barbaric (see barbarian) ; 
ruthless, brutal, fierce, bloody, savage, truculent. 
barbarously (bar'ba-rus-li), adv. In a barba- 
rous manner ; as a barbarian, (n) Imperfectly ; 
without regard to purity of speech ; with admixture of 
foreign or unclassical words and phrases. 
How barbarously we yet speak and write, your lordship 
knows, and I am sufficiently sensible in my own English. 
Dryden, Ded. of Troilus and Cressida. 
Modern Fl'ench, the most polite of languages, is barba- 
rously vulgar if compared with the Latin out of which it 
has been corrupted, or even with Italian. 
Lou-ell, Biglow Papers, 2d ser., Int. 
(b) As an uncivilized, illiterate, or uncultured person, (c) 
Savagely; cruelly; ferociously; inhumanly. 
The English law touching forgery became, at a later 
period, ba rbarously severe. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., xxiii. 
The state 
age life. 3f. Barbarism. 
The barbarity and narrowness of modern tongues. 
Dryden. 
barbarization (bar-ba-ri-za'shon), H. [< bar- 
barize + -ation.] Tie act of rendering bar- 
barous; a reduction to barbarism, or to a 
barbarous state : said of language, and of per- 
sons and communities. Also spelled barbarisa- 
barbarize (bar'ba-riz), v. ; pret. and pp. bar- 
barized, ppr. barbarizing. [= F. barbariser, < 
LL. barbariaare, < Gr. jjapftapi&a; speak like a 
foreigner or barbarian, hold with the barbari- 
ans, < fidpSapof, foreign, barbarian. See bar- 
barous.] I. intrans. 1. To speak or write like 
a barbarian or foreigner; use barbarisms in 
speech or writing. 
The ill habit which they got of wretched barbarizing 
against the Latin and Greek idiom. Milton, Education. 
2. To become barbarous. 
or quality of being barbarous, (a) Rudeness or 
incivility of manners, (b) Impurity of language. 
It is much degenerated, as touching the pureness of 
speech ; being overgrown with barbarousness. Brerewood. 
bery, barbarie, < OF. barbarie = Sp. It. barbaric, 
< L. barbaria, barbaries (MGr. flapftapia), a 
foreign country, barbarism, < barbarus, < Gr. 
pdpftapoc,, foreign, barbarous. Hence, specifi- 
cally, Barbary, a collective name for the coun- 
tries on the north and northwest coasts of 
Africa, < F. Barbarie, < ML. Barbaria ; G. Ber- 
berei; Ar. Barbariyan, < Barbar, Berber, the 
Berbers, people of Barbary in northern Af- 
rica, ult. < Gr. /3dp/3apof, foreigner.] 1. For- 
eign or barbarous nationality; paganism; hea- 
thenism. 2. Barbarity; barbarism. 3. Bar- 
barous speech. 4. A Barbary horse ; a barb. 
See barb, i. 
They are ill-built, 
Pin-buttocked, like your dainty barbaries. 
Fletcher, Wildgoose Chase. 
uncle, lit. hav- 
ing a beard', < L. barba, beard: see barb 1 .] 
A superior teacher or ecclesiastic among the 
Vaudois. 
barbecue (bar'be-ku), n. [Also barbacue, and 
formerly barbicue, barbecu, borbecu= Sp. barba- 
coa, < Haytian barbacoa, a framework of sticks 
set upon posts. In Cuba barbacoa designates 
a platform or floor in the top story of country 
houses where fruits and grain are kept.] 1. A 
wooden framework used for supporting over a 
fire meat or fish to be smoked or dried. 2. An 
iron frame on which large joints are placed 
for broiling, or on which whole animals are 
roasted; a large gridiron. 3. The carcass of 
an ox, hog, or other animal, roasted whole. 
A kid that had been cooked in a hole in the ground, with 
embers upon it. . . . This is called a "barbacoa" a bar- 
becue. Tylor, Anahuac, iv. 95. (A'. E. D.) 
4. A large social or political entertainment in 
the open air, at which animals are roasted 
whole, and feasting on a generous scale is in- 
dulged in. [U. S.J 5. An open floor or ter- 
race smoothly covered with plaster or asphalt, 
on which to dry coffee-beans, etc. 
barbecue (bar'be-ku), v. t. ; pret. and pp. bar- 
becued, ppr. barbecuing. [< barbecue, n.] 1. 
To cure by smoking or drying on a barbecue 
(which see). 2. To dress and roast whole, 
as an ox or a hog, by splitting it to the back- 
bone, and roasting it on a gridiron. 
Rich puddings and big, and a barbecued pig. 
Barham, Ingoldsby Legends, I. 228. 
barbed 1 (barbd), p. a. [< barb\ v. or n., + 
-ed?.] If. Shaved ; trimmed ; having the beard 
dressed. 2. Furnished with barbs, as an ar- 
row, the point of a fish-hook, and the like : as, 
"arrows barbed with fire," Milton, P- L-> vi. 
546; "&barbed proboscis," Sir E. Tennent, Cey- 
lon, ii. 7. 
And, with the same strong hand 
That flung the barbtd spear, he tilled the land. 
Bryant, Christmas in 1875. 
3. In her. : (a) Having barbs: said of the rose 
used as a bearing. The barbs are commonly 
colored green, and the blazon is a rose gules 
barbed proper. (6) Having gills or wattles, as 
a cock: as, a cock sable, barbed or (that is, a 
black cock having golden gills). Also called 
wattled, (c) Having the ends made with barbs 
like those of an arrow-head: said especially of 
a cross of this form. Also called bearded. 
Barbed bolt. See 6o((i. Barbed shot, a shot having 
barbs or grapnels. It is fired from a mortar to carry a 
life-line to a wreck. Barbed wire, two or more wins 
twisted together, with spikes, hooks, or points clinched or 
woven into the strands, or a single wire furnished with 
sharp points or barbs : used for fences, and so made for 
[Rare.] 
The Roman Empire was barbarizing rapidly. 
De Quincey, Philos. of Rom. Hist. 
II. trans. 1. To corrupt (language, art, etc.) Barbary ape, gum, etc. See the nouns. 
by introducing impurities, or by departing from Barbary horse. Same as barb 3 , 1. 
recognized classical standards. barbastel, barbastelle (bar'bas-tel or bar-bas- barbel (bar'bel), n. [ME. barbelle, barbylle, < 
He [Inigo Jones] barbarised the ancient cathedral of tel'), n. [< F. barbastelle = It. barbastello, <"L. OF. barbel (F. barbeau), < ML. barbellus, dim. 
St. j>aul in London, by repairing it according to his notions barba, beard.] A common European species of barbus, a barbel (fish), < barba, beard: see 
Encyc. Brit., II. 443. o f long-eared bat, Barbastellus communis, B. barbi. In the sense of an appendage, barbel 
the restraint of animals. 
barbed 2 (barbd), p. a. [<&ar&2, v ., + -ed?. Prop. 
barded, q. v.] Same as barded. 
of Pointed architecture. 
To render barbarous. 
daubentoni, or Plecotus barbastellus. 
is rather < NL. barbella : see barbella, and cf. 
